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We provide theoretical convergence guarantees for score-based generative models (SGMs) such as denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPMs), which constitute the backbone of large-scale real-world generative models such as DALL$\cdot$E…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Sitan Chen , Sinho Chewi , Jerry Li , Yuanzhi Li , Adil Salim , Anru R. Zhang

We study stochastic differential equations (SDEs) whose drift and diffusion coefficients are path-dependent and controlled. We construct a value process on the canonical path space, considered simultaneously under a family of singular…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-05-08 Marcel Nutz

Diffusion models have gained attention for their ability to represent complex distributions and incorporate uncertainty, making them ideal for robust predictions in the presence of noisy or incomplete data. In this study, we develop and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Yilin Zhuang , Sibo Cheng , Karthik Duraisamy

We propose self-diffusion, a novel framework for solving inverse problems without relying on pretrained generative models. Traditional diffusion-based approaches require training a model on a clean dataset to learn to reverse the forward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Guanxiong Luo , Shoujin Huang , Yanlong Yang

Generative diffusion models and many stochastic models in science and engineering naturally live in infinite dimensions before discretisation. To incorporate observed data for statistical and learning tasks, one needs to condition on…

Diffusion models are often introduced from multiple perspectives, such as VAEs, score matching, or flow matching, accompanied by dense and technically demanding mathematics that can be difficult for beginners to grasp. One classic question…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Candi Zheng , Yuan Lan

Recent work has explored a range of model families for human motion generation, including Variational Autoencoders (VAEs), Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), and diffusion-based models. Despite their differences, many methods rely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 David Björkstrand , Tiesheng Wang , Lars Bretzner , Josephine Sullivan

Score-based models have achieved remarkable results in the generative modeling of many domains. By learning the gradient of smoothed data distribution, they can iteratively generate samples from complex distribution e.g. natural images.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Binxu Wang , John J. Vastola

In this paper, we explore provable acceleration of diffusion models without any additional retraining. Focusing on the task of approximating a target data distribution in $\mathbb{R}^d$ to within $\varepsilon$ total-variation distance, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Gen Li , Yuchen Zhou , Yuting Wei , Yuxin Chen

Stochastic differential equations (SDEs) are a fundamental tool for modelling dynamic processes, including gene regulatory networks (GRNs), contaminant transport, financial markets, and image generation. However, learning the underlying SDE…

Diffusion models (DMs) are a class of generative machine learning methods that sample a target distribution by transforming samples of a trivial (often Gaussian) distribution using a learned stochastic differential equation. In standard…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-08-15 Luke Causer , Grant M. Rotskoff , Juan P. Garrahan

With the prevalence of social networks on online platforms, social recommendation has become a vital technique for enhancing personalized recommendations. The effectiveness of social recommendations largely relies on the social homophily…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Chengyi Liu , Jiahao Zhang , Shijie Wang , Wenqi Fan , Qing Li

Hiding data using neural networks (i.e., neural steganography) has achieved remarkable success across both discriminative classifiers and generative adversarial networks. However, the potential of data hiding in diffusion models remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Haoyu Chen , Yunqiao Yang , Nan Zhong , Kede Ma

Score estimation is the backbone of score-based generative models (SGMs), especially denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPMs). A key result in this area shows that with accurate score estimates, SGMs can efficiently generate samples…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-08 Sinho Chewi , Alkis Kalavasis , Anay Mehrotra , Omar Montasser

Score-based diffusion models represent a significant variant within the diffusion model family and have seen extensive application in the increasingly popular domain of generative tasks. Recent investigations have explored the denoising…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-26 Hao Mo , Yaping Sun , Shumin Yao , Hao Chen , Zhiyong Chen , Xiaodong Xu , Nan Ma , Meixia Tao , Shuguang Cui

We propose a latent score-based generative AI framework for learning stochastic, non-local closure models and constitutive laws in nonlinear dynamical systems of computational mechanics. This work addresses a key challenge of modeling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Xinghao Dong , Huchen Yang , Jin-Long Wu

We present an explicit method for simulating stochastic differential equations (SDEs) that have variable diffusion coefficients and satisfy the detailed balance condition with respect to a known equilibrium density. In Tupper and Yang…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-06-27 Paul Tupper , Xin Yang

We study the problem of estimating the score function using both implicit score matching and denoising score matching. Assuming that the data distribution exhibiting a low-dimensional structure, we prove that implicit score matching is able…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-01 Konstantin Yakovlev , Anna Markovich , Nikita Puchkin

We develop a class of non-Gaussian translation processes that extend classical stochastic differential equations (SDEs) by prescribing arbitrary absolutely continuous marginal distributions. Our approach uses a copula-based transformation…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-06 Robert Richardson , H. Dennis Tolley , Kenneth Kuttler

Score-based diffusion models (SBDM) have recently emerged as state-of-the-art approaches for image generation. Existing SBDMs are typically formulated in a finite-dimensional setting, where images are considered as tensors of finite size.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Paul Hagemann , Sophie Mildenberger , Lars Ruthotto , Gabriele Steidl , Nicole Tianjiao Yang