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This study investigates the dynamics of Score-based Generative Models (SGMs) by treating the score estimation error as a stochastic source driving the Fokker-Planck equation. Departing from particle-centric SDE analyses, we employ an SPDE…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Junsu Seo

Score-based diffusion models generate new samples by learning the score function associated with a diffusion process. While the effectiveness of these models can be theoretically explained using differential equations related to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Doheon Kim

Diffusion models have shown impressive performance for image generation, often times outperforming other generative models. Since their introduction, researchers have extended the powerful noise-to-image denoising pipeline to discriminative…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-21 Fahim Ahmed Zaman , Mathews Jacob , Amanda Chang , Kan Liu , Milan Sonka , Xiaodong Wu

This paper introduces a new approach to generating sample paths of unknown Markovian stochastic differential equations (SDEs) using diffusion models, a class of generative AI methods commonly employed in image and video applications. Unlike…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Xuefeng Gao , Jiale Zha , Xun Yu Zhou

Since their initial introduction, score-based diffusion models (SDMs) have been successfully applied to solve a variety of linear inverse problems in finite-dimensional vector spaces due to their ability to efficiently approximate the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-31 Lorenzo Baldassari , Ali Siahkoohi , Josselin Garnier , Knut Solna , Maarten V. de Hoop

Stochastic differential equations (SDEs) provide a natural framework for modelling intrinsic stochasticity inherent in many continuous-time physical processes. When such processes are observed in multiple individuals or experimental units,…

Computation · Statistics 2016-05-19 Gavin A. Whitaker , Andrew Golightly , Richard J. Boys , Chris Sherlock

Sampling based on score diffusions has led to striking empirical results, and has attracted considerable attention from various research communities. It depends on availability of (approximate) Stein score functions for various levels of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-01 M. J. Wainwright

Designing biological sequences is an important challenge that requires satisfying complex constraints and thus is a natural problem to address with deep generative modeling. Diffusion generative models have achieved considerable success in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Pavel Avdeyev , Chenlai Shi , Yuhao Tan , Kseniia Dudnyk , Jian Zhou

We study a discrete denoising diffusion framework that integrates a sample-efficient estimator of single-site conditionals with round-robin noising and denoising dynamics for generative modeling over discrete state spaces. Rather than…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Karthik Elamvazhuthi , Abhijith Jayakumar , Andrey Y. Lokhov

Discrete diffusion models, like continuous diffusion models, generate high-quality samples by gradually undoing noise applied to datapoints with a Markov process. Gradual generation in theory comes with many conceptual benefits; for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Alan N. Amin , Nate Gruver , Andrew Gordon Wilson

Building on recent advances in scientific machine learning and generative modeling for computational fluid dynamics, we propose a conditional score-based diffusion model designed for multi-scenarios fluid flow prediction. Our model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Wilfried Genuist , Éric Savin , Filippo Gatti , Didier Clouteau

Diffusion models are typically trained using score matching, a learning objective agnostic to the underlying noising process that guides the model. This paper argues that Markov noising processes enjoy an advantage over alternatives, as the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-27 Zheyang Shen , Huihui Wang , Marina Riabiz , Chris J. Oates

Score-based generative modeling (SBGM) has achieved state-of-the-art performance in image generation, with the quality of generated images being highly dependent on the design of the forward (diffusion) process. Among these, models based on…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Sascha Holl , Jente Vandersanden , Gurprit Singh , Hans-Peter Seidel

We present a concise derivation for several influential score-based diffusion models that relies on only a few textbook results. Diffusion models have recently emerged as powerful tools for generating realistic, synthetic signals --…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Chicago Y. Park , Michael T. McCann , Cristina Garcia-Cardona , Brendt Wohlberg , Ulugbek S. Kamilov

We present a Bayesian non-parametric way of inferring stochastic differential equations for both regression tasks and continuous-time dynamical modelling. The work has high emphasis on the stochastic part of the differential equation, also…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-29 Martin Jørgensen , Marc Peter Deisenroth , Hugh Salimbeni

Stochastic reduced-order models are widely used to represent the effective dynamics of complex systems, but estimating their drift and diffusion coefficients from data remains challenging. Standard approaches often rely on short-time…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-28 Ludovico T. Giorgini

Generative diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in producing high-quality images. However, these models typically operate in continuous intensity spaces, diffusing independently across pixels and color channels. As a result,…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Javier E. Santos , Agnese Marcato , Roman Colman , Nicholas Lubbers , Yen Ting Lin

Temporal data such as time series can be viewed as discretized measurements of the underlying function. To build a generative model for such data we have to model the stochastic process that governs it. We propose a solution by defining the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Marin Biloš , Kashif Rasul , Anderson Schneider , Yuriy Nevmyvaka , Stephan Günnemann

We present a mechanism to steer the sampling diversity of denoising diffusion and flow matching models, allowing users to sample from a sharper or broader distribution than the training distribution. We build on the observation that these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yanbo Xu , Yu Wu , Sungjae Park , Zhizhuo Zhou , Shubham Tulsiani

Score-based methods, such as diffusion models and Bayesian inverse problems, are often interpreted as learning the data distribution in the low-noise limit ($\sigma \to 0$). In this work, we propose an alternative perspective: their success…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-17 Xiang Li , Zebang Shen , Ya-Ping Hsieh , Niao He