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Federated Learning (FL) allows multiple clients to collaboratively train a Neural Network (NN) model on their private data without revealing the data. Recently, several targeted poisoning attacks against FL have been introduced. These…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Phillip Rieger , Thien Duc Nguyen , Markus Miettinen , Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi

Backdoor attacks are emerging threats to deep neural networks, which typically embed malicious behaviors into a victim model by injecting poisoned samples. Adversaries can activate the injected backdoor during inference by presenting the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Bingyin Zhao , Yingjie Lao

Deep learning (DL) compilers are core infrastructure in modern DL systems, offering flexibility and scalability beyond vendor-specific libraries. This work uncovers a fundamental vulnerability in their design: can an official, unmodified…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Simin Chen , Jinjun Peng , Yixin He , Junfeng Yang , Baishakhi Ray

Backdoor attacks (BAs) are an emerging threat to deep neural network classifiers. A victim classifier will predict to an attacker-desired target class whenever a test sample is embedded with the same backdoor pattern (BP) that was used to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Zhen Xiang , David J. Miller , George Kesidis

Pre-trained general-purpose language models have been a dominating component in enabling real-world natural language processing (NLP) applications. However, a pre-trained model with backdoor can be a severe threat to the applications. Most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Lujia Shen , Shouling Ji , Xuhong Zhang , Jinfeng Li , Jing Chen , Jie Shi , Chengfang Fang , Jianwei Yin , Ting Wang

Federated learning allows multiple participants to collaboratively train a central model without sharing their private data. However, this distributed nature also exposes new attack surfaces. In particular, backdoor attacks allow attackers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Zhaoxin Wang , Handing Wang , Cong Tian , Yaochu Jin

Deep learning models are known to solve classification and regression problems by employing a number of epoch and training samples on a large dataset with optimal accuracy. However, that doesn't mean they are attack-proof or unexposed to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-10 Chris Einar San Agustin

Deep learning models are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where attackers inject malicious behavior through data poisoning and later exploit triggers to manipulate deployed models. To improve the stealth and effectiveness of backdoors, prior…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Xiaolei Liu , Ming Yi , Kangyi Ding , Bangzhou Xin , Yixiao Xu , Li Yan , Chao Shen

Federated Learning (FL) is a popular distributed machine learning paradigm that enables jointly training a global model without sharing clients' data. However, its repetitive server-client communication gives room for backdoor attacks with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-20 Pei Fang , Jinghui Chen

Adversarial machine learning has exposed several security hazards of neural models and has become an important research topic in recent times. Thus far, the concept of an "adversarial perturbation" has exclusively been used with reference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Siddhant Garg , Adarsh Kumar , Vibhor Goel , Yingyu Liang

Face recognition systems are robust against environmental changes and noise, and thus may be vulnerable to illegal authentication attempts using user face photos, such as spoofing attacks. To prevent such spoofing attacks, it is crucial to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Shota Iwamatsu , Koichi Ito , Takafumi Aoki

Backdoor attacks represent one of the major threats to machine learning models. Various efforts have been made to mitigate backdoors. However, existing defenses have become increasingly complex and often require high computational resources…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Zeyang Sha , Xinlei He , Pascal Berrang , Mathias Humbert , Yang Zhang

Backdoor attacks become a significant security concern for deep neural networks in recent years. An image classification model can be compromised if malicious backdoors are injected into it. This corruption will cause the model to function…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Hongwei Zhang , Xiaoyin Xu , Dongsheng An , Xianfeng Gu , Min Zhang

Diffusion models are state-of-the-art deep learning empowered generative models that are trained based on the principle of learning forward and reverse diffusion processes via progressive noise-addition and denoising. To gain a better…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Sheng-Yen Chou , Pin-Yu Chen , Tsung-Yi Ho

A backdoor or Trojan attack is an important type of data poisoning attack against deep neural network (DNN) classifiers, wherein the training dataset is poisoned with a small number of samples that each possess the backdoor pattern (usually…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-15 H. Wang , S. Karami , O. Dia , H. Ritter , E. Emamjomeh-Zadeh , J. Chen , Z. Xiang , D. J. Miller , G. Kesidis

Deep learning has transformed AI applications but faces critical security challenges, including adversarial attacks, data poisoning, model theft, and privacy leakage. This survey examines these vulnerabilities, detailing their mechanisms…

Deep neural networks have been shown to be vulnerable to backdoor attacks, which could be easily introduced to the training set prior to model training. Recent work has focused on investigating backdoor attacks on natural images or toy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Munachiso Nwadike , Takumi Miyawaki , Esha Sarkar , Michail Maniatakos , Farah Shamout

The Large Language Models (LLMs) are poised to offer efficient and intelligent services for future mobile communication networks, owing to their exceptional capabilities in language comprehension and generation. However, the extremely high…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Haomiao Yang , Kunlan Xiang , Mengyu Ge , Hongwei Li , Rongxing Lu , Shui Yu

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have made tremendous progress in the past ten years and have been applied in various critical applications. However, recent studies have shown that deep neural networks are vulnerable to backdoor attacks. By…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Xinrui Liu , Yajie Wang , Yu-an Tan , Kefan Qiu , Yuanzhang Li

Backdoor attack is a powerful attack algorithm to deep learning model. Recently, GNN's vulnerability to backdoor attack has been proved especially on graph classification task. In this paper, we propose the first backdoor detection and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-08 Bingchen Jiang , Zhao Li