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The recent detections of temperate terrestrial planets orbiting nearby stars and the promise of characterizing their atmospheres motivates a need to understand how the diversity of possible planetary parameters affects the climate of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-13 Thaddeus D. Komacek , Dorian S. Abbot

All planets and satellites of our solar system are subject to a continuous rain of material, ranging in size from specks of dust to objects the size of boulders. Upon impact, these objects deposit their kinetic energy into the incident…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-29 Apostolos Christou , Jeremie Vaubaillon , Paul Withers , Ricardo Hueso , Rosemary Killen

Recent discoveries have revealed exoplanets orbiting young Sun-like stars, offering a window into the early solar system. These young stars frequently produce extreme magnetic explosions known as superflares, roughly once a day, potentially…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-28 Kosuke Namekata

Astronomical observations of flares from analogs of the early Sun have the potential to give critical insights into the high energy irradiation environment of protoplanetary disks. Solar-mass young stellar objects are significantly more…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. E. Glassgold , E. D. Feigelson , T. Momtmerle , S. Wolk

The distribution of hot Jupiters, for which star-planet interactions can be significant, questions the evolution of exosystems. We aim to follow the orbital evolution of a planet along the rotational and structural evolution of the host…

We investigate the space environment conditions near the Earth-size planet TOI~700~d using a set of numerical models for the stellar corona and wind, the planetary magnetosphere, and the planetary ionosphere. We drive our simulations using…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-15 O. Cohen , C. Garraffo , S. Moschou , J. Drake , J. Alvarado-Gomez , A. Glocer , F. Fraschetti

The key to understanding an extrasolar giant planet's spectrum--and hence its detectability and evolution--lies with its atmosphere. Now that direct observations of thermal emission from extrasolar giant planets are in hand, atmosphere…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mark S. Marley , Jonathan Fortney , Sara Seager , Travis Barman

Recent observations of the Earth's exosphere revealed the presence of an extended hydrogenic component that could reach distances beyond 40 planetary radii. Detection of similar extended exospheres around Earth-like exoplanets could reveal…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-06 Ada Canet , Ana Inés Gómez de Castro

Exoplanets with short orbit period reside very close to their host stars. They transition very rapidly between different sectors of the circumstellar space environment along their orbit, leading to large variations of the magnetic field in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-29 Ofer Cohen , Alex Glocer , Cecilia Garraffo , Julian Alvarado-Gomez , Jeremy Drake , Kristina Monsch , Farah Fauth Puigdomenech

In recent years, numerical models that were developed for Earth have been adapted to study exoplanetary climates to understand how the broad range of possible exoplanetary properties affects their climate state. The recent discovery and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-08-20 Thaddeus D. Komacek , Wanying Kang , Jacob Lustig-Yaeger , Stephanie L. Olson

Habitability is a measure of an environment's potential to support life, and a habitable exoplanet supports liquid water on its surface. However, a planet's success in maintaining liquid water on its surface is the end result of a complex…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-15 Ravi kumar Kopparapu , Eric T. Wolf , Victoria S. Meadows

Studying exoplanets with their parent stars is crucial to understand their population, formation and history. We review some of the key questions regarding their evolution with particular emphasis on giant gaseous exoplanets orbiting close…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 Tristan Guillot , Douglas N. C. Lin , Pierre Morel , Mathieu Havel , Vivien Parmentier

The magnetic activity of planet-hosting stars is an important factor to estimate the atmospheric stability of close-in exoplanets and the age of their host stars. It has long been speculated that close-in exoplanets can influence the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-05-13 K. Poppenhaeger , S. J. Wolk

Magnetically active stars are the sites of efficient particle acceleration and plasma heating, processes that have been studied in detail in the solar corona. Investigation of such processes in young stellar objects is much more challenging…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-25 M. Guedel

Energetic particles may have been important for the origin of life on Earth by driving the formation of prebiotic molecules. We calculate the intensity of energetic particles, in the form of stellar and Galactic cosmic rays, that reach…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-08-13 D. Rodgers-Lee , A. A. Vidotto , A. M. Taylor , P. B. Rimmer , T. P. Downes

Stellar flares of active M dwarfs can affect the atmospheric composition of close-orbiting gas giants, and can result in time-dependent transmission spectra. We aim to examine the impact of a variety of flares, differing in energy,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-02 Thomas Konings , Robin Baeyens , Leen Decin

Radio detections of stellar systems provide a window onto stellar magnetic activity and the space weather conditions of extrasolar planets, information that is difficult to attain at other wavelengths. There have been recent advances…

The explosion of space weather research since the early 1990s has been partly fueled by the unprecedented, uniform, and extended observations of solar disturbances from space and ground based instruments. Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-15 Nat Gopalswamy

Stellar high-energy radiation is a key driver of atmospheric erosion and evolution in exoplanets, directly affecting their long-term habitability. We present a comprehensive study on stellar high-energy radiation and its impact on…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-09 E. Gatuzz , S. Rukdee , S. Freund , T. Kallman

The X-rays and Extreme Ultraviolet (XUV) emission from M stars can drive the atmospheric escape on planets orbiting them. M stars are also known for their frequent emission of stellar flares, which will increase the high-energy flux…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-21 Laura N. R. do Amaral , Evgenya L. Shkolnik , R. O. Parke Loyd , Sarah Peacock