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The purpose of this article is to extend the notion of statistical depth to the case of sample paths of a Markov chain. Initially introduced to define a center-outward ordering of points in the support of a multivariate distribution, depth…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-27 Carlos Fernández , Stephan Clémençon

Multivariate data occurs in a wide range of fields, with ever more flexible model specifications being proposed, often within a multivariate generalised linear mixed effects (MGLME) framework. In this article, we describe an extended…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-10-09 Michael J. Crowther

Data-driven problem solving in many real-world applications involves analysis of time-dependent multivariate data, for which dimensionality reduction (DR) methods are often used to uncover the intrinsic structure and features of the data.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Takanori Fujiwara , Shilpika , Naohisa Sakamoto , Jorji Nonaka , Keiji Yamamoto , Kwan-Liu Ma

Multifractal analysis has become a powerful signal processing tool that characterizes signals or images via the fluctuations of their pointwise regularity, quantified theoretically by the so-called multifractal spectrum. The practical…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2018-11-09 Roberto Leonarduzzi , Patrice Abry , Herwig Wendt , Stéphane Jaffard , Hugo Touchette

We consider inference for misaligned multivariate functional data that represents the same underlying curve, but where the functional samples have systematic differences in shape. In this paper we introduce a new class of generally…

Applications · Statistics 2023-01-23 Niels Lundtorp Olsen , Bo Markussen , Lars Lau Rakêt

For the purpose of monitoring the behavior of complex infrastructures (e.g. aircrafts, transport or energy networks), high-rate sensors are deployed to capture multivariate data, generally unlabeled, in quasi continuous-time to detect…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-10 Guillaume Staerman , Pavlo Mozharovskyi , Stephan Clémençon , Florence d'Alché-Buc

Many functional datasets are observed sparsely and irregularly. Ordering such data is challenging because only limited information is available from each observation, while the underlying trajectories remain infinite-dimensional. This paper…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-21 Hyemin Yeon , Xiongtao Dai , Sara Lopez-Pintado

This paper answers the question of which functional depth to use to construct a boxplot for functional data. It shows that integrated depths, e.g., the popular modified band depth, do not result in well-defined boxplots. Instead, we argue…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-30 Stanislav Nagy , Tomáš Mrkvička , Antonio Elías

Robust estimation of location is a fundamental problem in statistics, particularly in scenarios where data contamination by outliers or model misspecification is a concern. In univariate settings, methods such as the sample median and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-07 Alejandro Cholaquidis , Ricardo Fraiman , Leonardo Moreno , Gonzalo Perera

During the past two decades there has been a lot of interest in developing statistical depth notions that generalize the univariate concept of ranking to multivariate data. The notion of depth has also been extended to regression models and…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-08-18 Peter J. Rousseeuw , Mia Hubert

Biomechanics and human movement research often involves measuring multiple kinematic or kinetic variables regularly throughout a movement, yielding data that present as smooth, multivariate, time-varying curves and are naturally amenable to…

We propose a new method for the construction and visualization of boxplot-type displays for functional data. We use a recent functional data analysis framework, based on a representation of functions called square-root slope functions, to…

Applications · Statistics 2017-02-07 Weiyi Xie , Sebastian Kurtek , Karthik Bharath , Ying Sun

Functional data analysis deals with data recorded densely over time (or any other continuum) with one or more observed curves per subject. Conceptually, functional data are continuously defined, but in practice, they are usually observed at…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-20 Chengqian Xian , Camila de Souza , John Jewell , Ronaldo Dias

In recent years, manifold methods have moved into focus as tools for dimension reduction. Assuming that the high-dimensional data actually lie on or close to a low-dimensional nonlinear manifold, these methods have shown convincing results…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-23 Moritz Herrmann , Fabian Scheipl

Human mortality patterns and trajectories in closely related populations are likely linked together and share similarities. It is always desirable to model them simultaneously while taking their heterogeneity into account. This paper…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-12-30 Ka Kin Lam , Bo Wang

Statistical analysis of high-dimensional functional times series arises in various applications. Under this scenario, in addition to the intrinsic infinite-dimensionality of functional data, the number of functional variables can grow with…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-01-14 Qin Fang , Shaojun Guo , Xinghao Qiao

Accurately specifying covariance structures is critical for valid inference in longitudinal and functional data analysis, particularly when data are sparsely observed. In this study, we develop a global goodness-of-fit test to assess…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-31 Dhrubajyoti Ghosh , Zhuolin Song , Luo Xiao , Sheng Luo

Statistical depth functions provide measures of the outlyingness, or centrality, of the elements of a space with respect to a distribution. It is a nonparametric concept applicable to spaces of any dimension, for instance, multivariate and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-07-31 Felix Gnettner , Claudia Kirch , Alicia Nieto-Reyes

Univariate and multivariate normal probability distributions are widely used when modeling decisions under uncertainty. Computing the performance of such models requires integrating these distributions over specific domains, which can vary…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-07-31 Abhranil Das , Wilson S Geisler

Anomaly detection on multivariate time-series is of great importance in both data mining research and industrial applications. Recent approaches have achieved significant progress in this topic, but there is remaining limitations. One major…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-07 Hang Zhao , Yujing Wang , Juanyong Duan , Congrui Huang , Defu Cao , Yunhai Tong , Bixiong Xu , Jing Bai , Jie Tong , Qi Zhang