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Though neural networks have achieved much progress in various applications, it is still highly challenging for them to learn from a continuous stream of tasks without forgetting. Continual learning, a new learning paradigm, aims to solve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-13 Ju Xu , Jin Ma , Zhanxing Zhu

Artificial neural networks have exceeded human-level performance in accomplishing several individual tasks (e.g. voice recognition, object recognition, and video games). However, such success remains modest compared to human intelligence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-21 Rahaf Aljundi

Transfer learning techniques have been widely used in the reality that it is difficult to obtain sufficient labeled data in the target domain, but a large amount of auxiliary data can be obtained in the relevant source domain. But most of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-22 Guokun Chi , Min Jiang , Xing Gao , Weizhen Hu , Shihui Guo , Kay Chen Tan

When dealing with time series with complex non-stationarities, low retrospective regret on individual realizations is a more appropriate goal than low prospective risk in expectation. Online learning algorithms provide powerful guarantees…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2011-06-30 Cosma Rohilla Shalizi , Abigail Z. Jacobs , Kristina Lisa Klinkner , Aaron Clauset

Most Continual Learning (CL) methods maintain performance on earlier tasks by storing exemplars in a replay buffer, introducing memory overhead that scales with the number of tasks and raising privacy concerns in regulated domains. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Mohammad Ali Vahedifar , Qi Zhang

The merit of ensemble learning lies in having different outputs from many individual models on a single input, i.e., the diversity of the base models. The high quality of diversity can be achieved when each model is specialized to different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-09 Sihwan Kim , Dae Yon Jung , Taejang Park

Modern neural network performance typically improves as model size increases. A recent line of research on the Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK) of over-parameterized networks indicates that the improvement with size increase is a product of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Etai Littwin , Ben Myara , Sima Sabah , Joshua Susskind , Shuangfei Zhai , Oren Golan

Deep learning has emerged as a promising paradigm to give access to highly accurate predictions of molecular and materials properties. A common short-coming shared by current approaches, however, is that neural networks only give point…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-05-10 Albert Zhu , Simon Batzner , Albert Musaelian , Boris Kozinsky

Ensemble models often achieve higher accuracy than single learners, but their ability to maintain small generalization gaps is not always well understood. This study examines how ensembles balance accuracy and overfitting across four…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Zubair Ahmed Mohammad

Self-supervised learning (SSL) is able to build latent representations that generalize well to unseen data. However, only a few SSL techniques exist for the online CL setting, where data arrives in small minibatches, the model must comply…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Giacomo Cignoni , Andrea Cossu , Alexandra Gomez-Villa , Joost van de Weijer , Antonio Carta

Continual Test-Time Adaptation (CTTA) involves adapting a pre-trained source model to continually changing unsupervised target domains. In this paper, we systematically analyze the challenges of this task: online environment, unsupervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Zhilin Zhu , Xiaopeng Hong , Zhiheng Ma , Weijun Zhuang , Yaohui Ma , Yong Dai , Yaowei Wang

While deep networks can learn complex functions such as classifiers, detectors, and trackers, many applications require models that continually adapt to changing input distributions, changing tasks, and changing environmental conditions.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-21 Jathushan Rajasegaran , Chelsea Finn , Sergey Levine

Lifelong learning remains an open problem. One of its main difficulties is catastrophic forgetting. Many dynamic expansion approaches have been proposed to address this problem, but they all use homogeneous models of predefined structure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-20 Wenjin Wang , Yunqing Hu , Yin Zhang

This work proposes a new way of combining independently trained classifiers over space and time. Combination over space means that the outputs of spatially distributed classifiers are aggregated. Combination over time means that the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-19 Virginia Bordignon , Stefan Vlaski , Vincenzo Matta , Ali H. Sayed

Ensemble methods for stream mining necessitate managing multiple models and updating them as data distributions evolve. Considering the calls for more sustainability, established methods are however not sufficiently considerate of ensemble…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Kirsten Köbschall , Sebastian Buschjäger , Raphael Fischer , Lisa Hartung , Stefan Kramer

The problem of selecting an algorithm that appears most suitable for a specific instance of an algorithmic problem class, such as the Boolean satisfiability problem, is called instance-specific algorithm selection. Over the past decade, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-21 Alexander Tornede , Lukas Gehring , Tanja Tornede , Marcel Wever , Eyke Hüllermeier

Continual learning is an emerging paradigm in machine learning, wherein a model is exposed in an online fashion to data from multiple different distributions (i.e. environments), and is expected to adapt to the distribution change.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Binghui Peng , Andrej Risteski

Recent ensemble learning methods for image classification have been shown to improve classification accuracy with low extra cost. However, they still require multiple trained models for ensemble inference, which eventually becomes a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Hojung Lee , Jong-Seok Lee

Class-incremental learning deals with sequential data streams composed of batches of classes. Various algorithms have been proposed to address the challenging case where samples from past classes cannot be stored. However, selecting an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Eva Feillet , Adrian Popescu , Céline Hudelot

Deep neural networks are susceptible to catastrophic forgetting when trained on sequential tasks. Various continual learning (CL) methods often rely on exemplar buffers or/and network expansion for balancing model stability and plasticity,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Depeng Li , Tianqi Wang , Junwei Chen , Qining Ren , Kenji Kawaguchi , Zhigang Zeng
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