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Due to the complex layouts of documents, it is challenging to extract information for documents. Most previous studies develop multimodal pre-trained models in a self-supervised way. In this paper, we focus on the embedding learning of word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-01 Song Tao , Zijian Wang , Tiantian Fan , Canjie Luo , Can Huang

Document understanding is critical for applications from financial analysis to scientific discovery. Current approaches, whether OCR-based pipelines feeding Large Language Models (LLMs) or native Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs), face key…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Sensen Gao , Shanshan Zhao , Xu Jiang , Lunhao Duan , Yong Xien Chng , Qing-Guo Chen , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang , Jia-Wang Bian , Mingming Gong

Single-Domain Generalized Object Detection~(S-DGOD) aims to train an object detector on a single source domain while generalizing well to diverse unseen target domains, making it suitable for multimedia applications that involve various…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Xiaoran Xu , Jiangang Yang , Wenyue Chong , Wenhui Shi , Shichu Sun , Jing Xing , Jian Liu

The multi-modal long-context document question-answering task aims to locate and integrate multi-modal evidences (such as texts, tables, charts, images, and layouts) distributed across multiple pages, for question understanding and answer…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Ziyu Gong , Chengcheng Mai , Yihua Huang

Answering questions that require reading texts in an image is challenging for current models. One key difficulty of this task is that rare, polysemous, and ambiguous words frequently appear in images, e.g., names of places, products, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-01 Difei Gao , Ke Li , Ruiping Wang , Shiguang Shan , Xilin Chen

Text contained in an image carries high-level semantics that can be exploited to achieve richer image understanding. In particular, the mere presence of text provides strong guiding content that should be employed to tackle a diversity of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-15 Andres Mafla , Sounak Dey , Ali Furkan Biten , Lluis Gomez , Dimosthenis Karatzas

Document image classification is different from plain-text document classification and consists of classifying a document by understanding the content and structure of documents such as forms, emails, and other such documents. We show that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Yoshinari Fujinuma , Siddharth Varia , Nishant Sankaran , Srikar Appalaraju , Bonan Min , Yogarshi Vyas

Pre-training techniques have been verified successfully in a variety of NLP tasks in recent years. Despite the widespread use of pre-training models for NLP applications, they almost exclusively focus on text-level manipulation, while…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Yiheng Xu , Minghao Li , Lei Cui , Shaohan Huang , Furu Wei , Ming Zhou

Multimodal pre-training with text, layout, and image has made significant progress for Visually Rich Document Understanding (VRDU), especially the fixed-layout documents such as scanned document images. While, there are still a large number…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-14 Junlong Li , Yiheng Xu , Lei Cui , Furu Wei

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved significant progress in image and language tasks due to the strong reasoning capability of large language models (LLMs). Nevertheless, most MLLMs suffer from limited spatial reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Jiajie Guo , Qingpeng Zhu , Jin Zeng , Xiaolong Wu , Changyong He , Weida Wang

Image-text matching is a key multimodal task that aims to model the semantic association between images and text as a matching relationship. With the advent of the multimedia information age, image, and text data show explosive growth, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Jinyin Wang , Haijing Zhang , Yihao Zhong , Yingbin Liang , Rongwei Ji , Yiru Cang

This paper proposes LayoutLLM, a more flexible document analysis method for understanding imaged documents. Visually Rich Document Understanding tasks, such as document image classification and information extraction, have gained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Masato Fujitake

We present Multimodal OCR (MOCR), a document parsing paradigm that jointly parses text and graphics into unified textual representations. Unlike conventional OCR systems that focus on text recognition and leave graphical regions as cropped…

Video question answering requires the models to understand and reason about both the complex video and language data to correctly derive the answers. Existing efforts have been focused on designing sophisticated cross-modal interactions to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-18 Junbin Xiao , Angela Yao , Zhiyuan Liu , Yicong Li , Wei Ji , Tat-Seng Chua

Text-rich images, where text serves as the central visual element guiding the overall understanding, are prevalent in real-world applications, such as presentation slides, scanned documents, and webpage snapshots. Tasks involving multiple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Mengzhao Jia , Wenhao Yu , Kaixin Ma , Tianqing Fang , Zhihan Zhang , Siru Ouyang , Hongming Zhang , Dong Yu , Meng Jiang

Image-Text Matching is one major task in cross-modal information processing. The main challenge is to learn the unified visual and textual representations. Previous methods that perform well on this task primarily focus on not only the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Keyu Wen , Xiaodong Gu , Qingrong Cheng

Structure information is critical for understanding the semantics of text-rich images, such as documents, tables, and charts. Existing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) for Visual Document Understanding are equipped with text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Anwen Hu , Haiyang Xu , Jiabo Ye , Ming Yan , Liang Zhang , Bo Zhang , Chen Li , Ji Zhang , Qin Jin , Fei Huang , Jingren Zhou

Recent advances in image-text pretraining have significantly enhanced visual understanding by aligning visual and textual representations. Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) has played a pivotal role in multimodal learning.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Zihan Li , Yiqing Wang , Sina Farsiu , Paul Kinahan

Capturing the compositional process which maps the meaning of words to that of documents is a central challenge for researchers in Natural Language Processing and Information Retrieval. We introduce a model that is able to represent the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-06-17 Misha Denil , Alban Demiraj , Nal Kalchbrenner , Phil Blunsom , Nando de Freitas

Image-text retrieval, as a fundamental and important branch of information retrieval, has attracted extensive research attentions. The main challenge of this task is cross-modal semantic understanding and matching. Some recent works focus…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Weijing Chen , Linli Yao , Qin Jin