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This paper provides a systematic comparison between Fitted Dynamic Programming (DP), where demand is estimated from data, and Reinforcement Learning (RL) methods in finite-horizon dynamic pricing problems. We analyze their performance…

General Economics · Economics 2026-04-16 Lev Razumovskiy , Nikolay Karenin

As distributed energy resources (DERs) proliferate, future power system will need new market platforms enabling prosumers to trade various electricity and grid-support products. However, prosumers often exhibit complex, product…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-12 Shobhit Singhal , Lesia Mitridati

Minimizing the peak power consumption and matching demand to supply, under fixed threshold polices, are two key requirements for the success of the future electricity market. In this work, we consider dynamic pricing methods to minimize the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-10-26 Zaid Almahmoud , Jacob Crandall , Khaled Elbassioni , Trung Thanh Nguyen , Mardavij Roozbehani

We consider a high-dimensional dynamic pricing problem under non-stationarity, where a firm sells products to $T$ sequentially arriving consumers that behave according to an unknown demand model with potential changes at unknown times. The…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-21 Zifeng Zhao , Feiyu Jiang , Yi Yu , Xi Chen

As load varies continuously over time, it is essential to provide continuous-time price signals that accurately reflect supply-demand balance. However, conventional discrete-time economic dispatch fails to capture the intra-temporal…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-28 Menghan Zhang , Caisheng Wang

Electricity market operators worldwide use mixed-integer linear programming to solve the allocation problem in wholesale electricity markets. Prices are typically determined based on the duals of relaxed versions of this optimization…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Mete Şeref Ahunbay , Martin Bichler , Teodora Dobos , Johannes Knörr

This paper presents a decentralized Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) approach to an incentive-based Demand Response (DR) program, which aims to maintain the capacity limits of the electricity grid and prevent grid congestion by…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-11 Jasper van Tilburg , Luciano C. Siebert , Jochen L. Cremer

The demand response provides an opportunity for load serving entities (LSEs) that operate retail electricity markets (REMs) to strategically purchase energy and provide reserves in wholesale electricity markets (WEMs). This paper concerns…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-06-09 Hanchen Xu , Kaiqing Zhang , Junbo Zhang

With the increased share of Distributed Generation (DG) and Demand Responsive (DR) loads in the power systems, new approaches based on the game theory framework have been proposed to tackle the problem of coordination of Price Responsive…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-02 Foad Najafi , Matthias Fripp

This paper presents a multi-agent Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) framework for autonomous control and integration of renewable energy resources into smart power grid systems. In particular, the proposed framework jointly considers demand…

In this paper we present an end-to-end framework for addressing the problem of dynamic pricing (DP) on E-commerce platform using methods based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL). By using four groups of different business data to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Jiaxi Liu , Yidong Zhang , Xiaoqing Wang , Yuming Deng , Xingyu Wu

Demand Response (DR) schemes are effective tools to maintain a dynamic balance in energy markets with higher integration of fluctuating renewable energy sources. DR schemes can be used to harness residential devices' flexibility and to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-05-16 Davide Frazzetto , Bijay Neupane , Torben Bach Pedersen , Thomas Dyhre Nielsen

One of the major barriers for the retailers is to understand the consumption elasticity they can expect from their contracted demand response (DR) clients. The current trend of DR products provided by retailers are not consumer-specific,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-26 Kamalanathan Ganesan , João Tomé Saraiva , Ricardo J. Bessa

In this paper we formulate of the Economic Dispatch (ED) problem in Power Systems in continuous time and include in it ramping constraints to derive an expression of the price that reflects some important inter-temporal constraints of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-07-14 Anna Scaglione

Time-varying pricing tariffs incentivize consumers to shift their electricity demand and reduce costs, but may increase the energy burden for consumers with limited response capability. The utility must thus balance affordability and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Liudong Chen , Bolun Xu

This paper presents a coordinative demand charge mitigation (DCM) strategy for reducing electricity consumption during system peak periods. Available DCM resources include batteries, diesel generators, controllable loads, and conservation…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-02 Rongxing Hu , Kai Ye , Hyeonjin Kim , Hanpyo Lee , Ning Lu , Di Wu , PJ Rehm

In this paper, we consider the problem of learning online to manage Demand Response (DR) resources. A typical DR mechanism requires the DR manager to assign a baseline to the participating consumer, where the baseline is an estimate of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Deepan Muthirayan , Pramod P. Khargonekar

The increasing share of volatile renewable electricity production motivates demand response. Substantial potential for demand response is offered by flexible processes and their local multi-energy supply systems. Simultaneous optimization…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-10 Florian Joseph Baader , Philipp Althaus , André Bardow , Manuel Dahmen

The integration of renewable energy sources in microgrids introduces significant operational challenges due to their intermittent nature and the mismatch between generation and demand patterns. Effective demand response (DR) strategies are…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-14 K. Victor Sam Moses Babu , Pratyush Chakraborty , Mayukha Pal

Demand response (DR) programs play a crucial role in improving system reliability and mitigating price volatility by altering the core profile of electricity consumption. This paper proposes a game-theoretical model that captures the…

General Economics · Economics 2024-11-26 Arega Getaneh Abate , Rosana Riccardi , Carlos Ruiz
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