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Blockchain is a core technology to manage the value of cryptocurrencies, or to record trails of important business trades. The Smart Contract on blockchain is expected to improve security on blockchain system with automated operation, but…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-07 Shingo Fujimoto , Yoshiki Higashikado , Takuma Takeuchi

Smart contracts are a new paradigm that emerged with the rise of the blockchain technology. They allow untrusting parties to arrange agreements. These agreements are encoded as a programming language code and deployed on a blockchain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-28 Juan Guarnizo , Pawel Szalachowski

Smart contracts are blockchain-based algorithms that execute when specific criteria are satisfied. They are often used to automate the implementation of an agreement so that all parties may be confident of the conclusion right away, without…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Harry Virani , Manthan Kyada

In this note we describe the application of existing smart contract technologies with the aim to construct a new digital representation of a financial derivative contract. We compare several existing DLT based technologies. We provide a…

We propose a smart contract that allows two mutually distrusting parties to transact any non-digital good or service by deploying a smart contract on a blockchain to act as escrow. The contract settles disputes by letting parties wager that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Nikolaj Ignatieff Schwartzbach

Electronic cash (e-cash) is a digital alternative to physical currency that allows anonymous transactions between users and merchants. Typically, coins in an e-cash scheme are only dispensed through a central bank. A drawback of this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Anrin Chakraborti , Qingzhao Zhang , Jingjia Peng , Morley Mao , Michael K. Reiter

Smart contracts are programs that implement potentially sophisticated transactions on modern blockchain platforms. In the rapidly evolving blockchain environment, smart contract programming languages must allow users to write expressive…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-07-24 Sam Blackshear , David L. Dill , Shaz Qadeer , Clark W. Barrett , John C. Mitchell , Oded Padon , Yoni Zohar

In recent years decentralized currencies developed through Blockchains are increasingly becoming popular because of their transparent nature and absence of a central controlling authority. Though a lot of computation power, disk space, and…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Anirudha Paul

Smart contracts, integral to blockchain ecosystems, enable decentralized applications to execute predefined operations without intermediaries. Their ability to enforce trustless interactions has made them a core component of platforms such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Mesut Ozdag

The internet era has generated a requirement for low cost, anonymous and rapidly verifiable transactions to be used for online barter, and fast settling money have emerged as a consequence. For the most part, e-money has fulfilled this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-08-19 Gareth W. Peters , Efstathios Panayi , Ariane Chapelle

In this paper, we explore remarkable similarities between multi-transactional behaviors of smart contracts in cryptocurrencies such as Ethereum and classical problems of shared-memory concurrency. We examine two real-world examples from the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-02-21 Ilya Sergey , Aquinas Hobor

We discuss numerous justifications for why crypto-currencies would be highly conducive for the smooth functioning of today's society. We provide several comparisons between cryptocurrencies issued by blockchain projects, crypto, and…

General Economics · Economics 2023-07-18 Ravi Kashyap

Smart Contracts are commonly considered to be an important component or even a key to many business solutions in an immense variety of sectors and promises to securely increase their individual efficiency in an ever more digitized…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-03-16 Elizaveta Zinovyeva , Raphael C. G. Reule , Wolfgang Karl Härdle

The development of blockchain technology has significantly enhanced the security and transparency of personal information and transaction records. Concurrent with the advancement of blockchain technology and the emergence of the digital…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Zeng Zhang , Xiaoqi Li

Modern blockchains support a variety of distributed applications beyond cryptocurrencies, including smart contracts -- which let users execute arbitrary code in a distributed and decentralized fashion. Regardless of their intended…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-01-15 Orestis Alpos , Christian Cachin , Giorgia Azzurra Marson , Luca Zanolini

Blockchain technology enables the execution of collaborative business processes involving mutually untrusted parties. Existing platforms allow such processes to be modeled using high-level notations and compiled into smart contracts that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Orlenys López-Pintado , Marlon Dumas , Luciano García-Bañuelos , Ingo Weber

Many proposals for the design and implementation of digital wallets assume that the purpose of the wallet is to enable offline payments via custodial accounts, ignoring the real problems faced by individuals and businesses that engage in…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Geoffrey Goodell

Quantum money represents an innovative approach to currency by encoding economic value within the quantum states of physical systems, utilizing the principles of quantum mechanics to enhance security, integrity, and transferability. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-15 Artur Czerwinski

The use of digital money has become increasingly popular, but it comes with certain drawbacks. For instance, it can be challenging to make payments during power outages or internet failures. Additionally, some groups may find it difficult…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Chenhang Zhou , Yu Chen , Roger Wattenhofer , Ye Wang

Cross-Blockchain communication has gained traction due to the increasing fragmentation of blockchain networks and scalability solutions such as side-chaining and sharding. With SmartSync, we propose a novel concept for cross-blockchain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-01 Martin Westerkamp , Axel Küpper