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Power systems are susceptible to natural threats including hurricanes and floods. Modern power grids are also increasingly threatened by cyber attacks. Existing approaches that help improve power system security and resilience may not be…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-08 Hao Huang , Varuneswara Panyam , Mohammad Rasoul Narimani , Astrid Layton , Katherine R. Davis

Advanced AI systems offer substantial benefits but also introduce risks. In 2025, AI-enabled cyber offense has emerged as a concrete example. This technical report applies a quantitative risk modeling methodology (described in full in a…

Connectivity robustness, a crucial aspect for understanding, optimizing, and repairing complex networks, has traditionally been evaluated through time-consuming and often impractical simulations. Fortunately, machine learning provides a new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Wenjun Jiang , Tianlong Fan , Changhao Li , Chuanfu Zhang , Tao Zhang , Zong-fu Luo

In pursuit of enhancing the predication capabilities of the neural network, it has been a longstanding objective to create dataset encompassing a diverse array of samples. The purpose is to broaden the horizons of neural network and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-23 Chao-Chao Li , Run-Hong He , Zhao-Ming Wang

There continue to be numerous breaches publicised pertaining to cyber security despite security practices being applied within industry for many years. This article is intended to be the first in a number of articles as research into cyber…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-01-18 Mark Evans , Leandros A. Maglaras , Ying He , Helge Janicke

Increasing volatilities within power transmission and distribution force power grid operators to amplify their use of communication infrastructure to monitor and control their grid. The resulting increase in communication creates a larger…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Tim Krause , Raphael Ernst , Benedikt Klaer , Immanuel Hacker , Martin Henze

The wide adoption of Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled energy devices improves the quality of life, but simultaneously, it enlarges the attack surface of the power grid system. The adversary can gain illegitimate control of a large number of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-05 Yuhan Zhao , Juntao Chen , Quanyan Zhu

This paper investigates the stakes of introducing probabilistic approaches for the management of power system's security. In real-time operation, the aim is to arbitrate in a rational way between preventive and corrective control, while…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-02-18 Efthymios Karangelos , Patrick Panciatici , Louis Wehenkel

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and their quantized counterparts are vulnerable to extraction attacks, posing a significant threat of IP theft. Yet, the robustness of quantized models against these attacks is little studied compared to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Kacem Khaled , Felipe Gohring de Magalhães , Gabriela Nicolescu

Neural networks are very successful at detecting patterns in noisy data, and have become the technology of choice in many fields. However, their usefulness is hampered by their susceptibility to adversarial attacks. Recently, many methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Marco Casadio , Ekaterina Komendantskaya , Matthew L. Daggitt , Wen Kokke , Guy Katz , Guy Amir , Idan Refaeli

Deep neural networks have become widely used, obtaining remarkable results in domains such as computer vision, speech recognition, natural language processing, audio recognition, social network filtering, machine translation, and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-03 Divya Gopinath , Guy Katz , Corina S. Pasareanu , Clark Barrett

Quantum computing is a cutting-edge field of information technology that harnesses the principles of quantum mechanics to perform computations. It has major implications for the cyber security industry. Existing cyber protection…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Ummar Ahmed , Tuomo Sipola , Jari Hautamäki

Modern power systems face a grand challenge in grid management due to increased electricity demand, imminent disturbances, and uncertainties associated with renewable generation, which can compromise grid security. The security assessment…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-03-02 Mazhar Ali , Elena Gryazina , Anatoly Dymarsky , Petr Vorobev

Although general-purpose AI systems offer transformational opportunities in science and industry, they simultaneously raise critical concerns about safety, misuse, and potential loss of control. Despite these risks, methods for assessing…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Malcolm Murray , Steve Barrett , Henry Papadatos , Otter Quarks , Matt Smith , Alejandro Tlaie Boria , Chloé Touzet , Siméon Campos

We address a fundamental problem that is systematically encountered when modeling complex systems: the limitedness of the information available. In the case of economic and financial networks, privacy issues severely limit the information…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-12-07 Giulio Cimini , Tiziano Squartini , Diego Garlaschelli , Andrea Gabrielli

Smart grid's objective is to enable electricity and information to flow two-way while providing effective, robust, computerized, and decentralized energy delivery. This necessitates the use of state estimation-based techniques and real-time…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Mostafa Mohammadpourfard , Istemihan Genc , Subhash Lakshminarayana , Charalambos Konstantinou

With the increasing number of internet-based resources and applications, the amount of attacks faced by companies has increased significantly in the past years. Likewise, the techniques to test security and emulate attacks need to be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Daniel Dalalana Bertoglio , Arthur Gil , Juan Acosta , Julia Godoy , Roben Castagna Lunardi , Avelino Francisco Zorzo

Realisation of significant advances in capabilities of sensors, computing, timing, and communication enabled by quantum technologies is dependent on engineering highly complex systems that integrate quantum devices into existing classical…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Hayato Ishida , Amal Elsokary , Maria Aslam , Catherine White , Michael J. de C. Henshaw , Siyuan Ji

In the last decade, a lot of effort has been put into securing software application during development in the software industry. Software security is a research field in this area which looks at how security can be weaved into software at…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-01-27 Adetunji Adebiyi , Chris Imafidon

Neural networks demonstrate inherent vulnerability to small, non-random perturbations, emerging as adversarial attacks. Such attacks, born from the gradient of the loss function relative to the input, are discerned as input conjugates,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Jun-Jie Zhang , Deyu Meng