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Many real-world optimization problems contain parameters that are unknown before deployment time, either due to stochasticity or to lack of information (e.g., demand or travel times in delivery problems). A common strategy in such cases is…

Decision-making under uncertainty in energy management is complicated by unknown parameters hindering optimal strategies, particularly in Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) operations. Predict-Then-Optimise (PTO) approaches treat…

Decision-Focused Learning (DFL) is a paradigm for tailoring a predictive model to a downstream optimization task that uses its predictions in order to perform better on that specific task. The main technical challenge associated with DFL is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Sanket Shah , Kai Wang , Bryan Wilder , Andrew Perrault , Milind Tambe

Decision-Focused Learning (DFL) is an emerging learning paradigm that tackles the task of training a machine learning (ML) model to predict missing parameters of an incomplete optimization problem, where the missing parameters are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Yehya Farhat

Decision-focused learning (DFL) offers an end-to-end approach to the predict-then-optimize (PO) framework by training predictive models directly on decision loss (DL), enhancing decision-making performance within PO contexts. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Jiaqi Yang , Enming Liang , Zicheng Su , Zhichao Zou , Peng Zhen , Jiecheng Guo , Wanjing Ma , Kun An

Mathematical optimization is a fundamental tool for decision-making in a wide range of applications. However, in many real-world scenarios, the parameters of the optimization problem are not known a priori and must be predicted from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Senne Berden , Ali İrfan Mahmutoğulları , Dimos Tsouros , Tias Guns

Decision-focused learning (DFL) is an emerging paradigm that integrates machine learning (ML) and constrained optimization to enhance decision quality by training ML models in an end-to-end system. This approach shows significant potential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Jayanta Mandi , James Kotary , Senne Berden , Maxime Mulamba , Victor Bucarey , Tias Guns , Ferdinando Fioretto

End-to-end learning has become a widely applicable and studied problem in training predictive ML models to be aware of their impact on downstream decision-making tasks. These end-to-end models often outperform traditional methods that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Rares Cristian , Pavithra Harsha , Georgia Perakis , Brian Quanz

When some parameters of a constrained optimization problem (COP) are uncertain, this gives rise to a predict-then-optimize (PtO) problem, comprising two stages: the prediction of the unknown parameters from contextual information and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Jayanta Mandi , Marianne Defresne , Senne Berden , Tias Guns

Deep energy-based models (EBMs) are very flexible in distribution parametrization but computationally challenging because of the intractable partition function. They are typically trained via maximum likelihood, using contrastive divergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-22 Lantao Yu , Yang Song , Jiaming Song , Stefano Ermon

Decision-focused learning (DFL) integrates predictive modeling and optimization by training predictors to optimize the downstream decision target rather than merely minimizing prediction error. To date, existing DFL methods typically rely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Zihao Zhao , Christopher Yeh , Lingkai Kong , Kai Wang

Decision-focused learning (DFL) integrates predictive models with downstream optimization, directly training machine learning models to minimize decision errors. While DFL has been shown to provide substantial advantages when compared to a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Prince Zizhuang Wang , Shuyi Chen , Jinhao Liang , Ferdinando Fioretto , Shixiang Zhu

Energy-based models (EBM) have become increasingly popular within computer vision. EBMs bring a probabilistic approach to training deep neural networks (DNN) and have been shown to enhance performance in areas such as calibration,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Jacob Piland , Christopher Sweet , Priscila Saboia , Charles Vardeman , Adam Czajka

Decentralized federated learning (DFL) enables edge devices to collaboratively train models through local training and fully decentralized device-to-device (D2D) model exchanges. However, these energy-intensive operations often rapidly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Kai Zhang , Xuanyu Cao , Khaled B. Letaief

As opposed to conventional training methods tailored to minimize a given statistical metric or task-agnostic loss (e.g., mean squared error), Decision-Focused Learning (DFL) trains machine learning models for optimal performance in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-27 Pietro Favaro , Jean-François Toubeau , François Vallée , Yury Dvorkin

Consider learning a policy purely on the basis of demonstrated behavior -- that is, with no access to reinforcement signals, no knowledge of transition dynamics, and no further interaction with the environment. This *strictly batch…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-15 Daniel Jarrett , Ioana Bica , Mihaela van der Schaar

Decision-focused learning (DFL) is an increasingly popular paradigm for training predictive models whose outputs are used in decision-making tasks. Instead of merely optimizing for predictive accuracy, DFL trains models to directly minimize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Aymeric Capitaine , Maxime Haddouche , Eric Moulines , Michael I. Jordan , Etienne Boursier , Alain Durmus

Decision-making under uncertainty is often considered in two stages: predicting the unknown parameters, and then optimizing decisions based on predictions. While traditional prediction-focused learning (PFL) treats these two stages…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Haeun Jeon , Hyunglip Bae , Chanyeong Kim , Yongjae Lee , Woo Chang Kim

Topology optimization by optimally distributing materials in a given domain requires non-gradient optimizers to solve highly complicated problems. However, with hundreds of design variables or more involved, solving such problems would…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-01-27 Changyu Deng , Yizhou Wang , Can Qin , Yun Fu , Wei Lu

Many real-world combinatorial problems involve uncertain parameters, which can be predicted given contextual features and historical data. These `predict-then-optimize' or `contextual optimization' problems have gained significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Noah Schutte , Senne Berden , Tias Guns , Krzysztof Postek , Neil Yorke-Smith
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