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Molecular dynamics simulations hold great promise for providing insight into the microscopic behavior of complex molecular systems. However, their effectiveness is often constrained by long timescales associated with rare events. Enhanced…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Kai Zhu , Enrico Trizio , Jintu Zhang , Renling Hu , Linlong Jiang , Tingjun Hou , Luigi Bonati

This contribution focuses on the fascinating RNA molecule, its sequence-dependent folding driven by base-pairing interactions, the interplay between these interactions and natural evolution, and its multiple regulatory roles. The four of us…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-07-28 Simona Cocco , Andrea De Martino , Andrea Pagnani , Martin Weigt

Predicting the secondary structure of RNA is a core challenge in computational biology, essential for understanding molecular function and designing novel therapeutics. The field has evolved from foundational but accuracy-limited…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-20 Giuseppe Sacco , Giovanni Bussi , Guido Sanguinetti

The biomolecules in and around a living cell -- proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, carbohydrates -- continuously sample myriad conformational states that are thermally accessible at physiological temperatures. Simultaneously, a given…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2014-07-15 Cameron Mura , Charles E. McAnany

Recent computational efforts have shown that the current potential energy models used in molecular dynamics are not accurate enough to describe the conformational ensemble of RNA oligomers and suggest that molecular dynamics should be…

Computational Physics · Physics 2016-12-23 Andrea Cesari , Alejandro Gil-Ley , Giovanni Bussi

The nucleation of crystals in liquids is one of nature's most ubiquitous phenomena, playing an important role in areas such as climate change and the production of drugs. As the early stages of nucleation involve exceedingly small time and…

The internal dynamics of strongly interacting systems and that of biomolecules such as proteins display several important analogies, despite the huge difference in their characteristic energy and length scales. For example, in all such…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-05-30 Pietro Faccioli

The increasing importance of RNA as a prime player in biology can hardly be overstated. Problems in RNA, such as folding and RNA-RNA interactions that drive phase separation, require cations. Because experiments alone cannot reveal the…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-10 D. Thirumalai , Naoto Hori , Hung T. Nguyen

Although RNAs play many cellular functions little is known about the dynamics and thermodynamics of these molecules. In principle, all-atom molecular dynamics simulations can investigate these issues, but with current computer facilities,…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2013-01-22 Tristan Cragnolini , Philippe Derreumaux , Samuela Pasquali

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a prevalent RNA post-transcriptional modification that plays crucial roles in RNA stability, structural dynamics, and interactions with proteins. The YT521-B (YTH) family of proteins, which are notable m6A…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-09-10 Valerio Piomponi , Miroslav Krepl , Jiri Sponer , Giovanni Bussi

Molecular simulations provide a powerful means to unravel the complex relationships between network architecture and the mechanical response of polymer networks, with a particular emphasis on rupture and fracture phenomena. Although…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-02-02 Yuichi Masubuchi , Takato Ishida , Yusuke Koide , Takashi Uneyama

The structural flexibility of nucleic acids plays a key role in many fundamental life processes, such as gene replication and expression, DNA-protein recognition, and gene regulation. To obtain a thorough understanding of nucleic acid…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-09-24 Lei Bao , Xi Zhang , Lei Jin , Zhi-Jie Tan

RNA binding proteins play a crucial role in post-transcriptional gene regulation by controlling the transport, processing, and translation of their target RNAs. Post-transcriptional gene regulation leads to the differential expression of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-24 Danielle Wampler , Ralf Bundschuh

Magnetic gels with embedded micro/nano-sized magnetic particles in crosslinked polymer networks can be actuated by external magnetic fields, with changes in their internal microscopic structures and macroscopic mechanical properties. We…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-03-21 Xuefeng Wei , Gaspard Junot , Ramin Golestanian , Xin Zhou , Yanting Wang , Pietro Tierno , Fanlong Meng

Many aspects of the study of protein folding and dynamics have been affected by the recent advances in machine learning. Methods for the prediction of protein structures from their sequences are now heavily based on machine learning tools.…

Biological Physics · Physics 2019-11-25 Frank Noé , Gianni De Fabritiis , Cecilia Clementi

The interfaces between metal electrodes and liquid electrolytes are prototypical in electrochemistry. That is why it is crucial to have a molecular and dynamical understating of such interfaces for both electrical properties and chemical…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-10-06 Linnéa Andersson , Chao Zhang

Polymerases are protein enzymes that move along nucleic acid chains and catalyze template-based polymerization reactions during gene transcription and replication. The polymerases also substantially improve transcription or replication…

Biological Physics · Physics 2017-01-19 Jin Yu

Biochars have been attracting renewed attention as economical and environmentally friendly carbon sequestration materials with a diverse range of applications. However, experimental developments may be limited by the lack of molecular-level…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-06-11 Rosie Wood , Ondrej Masek , Valentina Erastova

Simulated nucleotide sequences are widely used in theoretical and empirical molecular evolution studies. Conventional simulators generally use fixed parameter time-homogeneous Markov model for sequence evolution. In this work, we use the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2009-12-14 Sheng Guo , Li-San Wang , Junhyong Kim

Computational prediction of RNA structures is an important problem in computational structural biology. Studies of RNA structure formation often assume that the process starts from a fully synthesized sequence. Experimental evidence,…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2021-04-28 Vo Hong Thanh , Dani Korpela , Pekka Orponen