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Scene text recognition (STR) methods have demonstrated their excellent capability in English text images. However, due to the complex inner structures of Chinese and the extensive character categories, it poses challenges for recognizing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Qilong Li , Chongsheng Zhang

There are more than 80,000 character categories in Chinese while most of them are rarely used. To build a high performance handwritten Chinese character recognition (HCCR) system supporting the full character set with a traditional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Dongnan Gui , Kai Chen , Haisong Ding , Qiang Huo

Handwritten character recognition (HCR) is a challenging problem for machine learning researchers. Unlike printed text data, handwritten character datasets have more variation due to human-introduced bias. With numerous unique character…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Boris Kriuk , Fedor Kriuk

Zero-shot Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition (HCCR) aims to recognize unseen characters by leveraging radical-based semantic compositions. However, existing approaches often treat characters as flat radical sequences, neglecting the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Qiuming Luo , Tao Zeng , Feng Li , Heming Liu , Rui Mao , Chang Kong

Recent deep learning based approaches have achieved great success on handwriting recognition. Chinese characters are among the most widely adopted writing systems in the world. Previous research has mainly focused on recognizing handwritten…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-06-22 Xu-Yao Zhang , Fei Yin , Yan-Ming Zhang , Cheng-Lin Liu , Yoshua Bengio

Multi-stroke characters in scripts such as Chinese and Japanese can be highly complex, posing significant challenges for both native speakers and, especially, non-native learners. If these characters can be simplified without degrading…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Ryo Ishiyama , Shinnosuke Matsuo , Seiichi Uchida

Revealing the syntactic structure of sentences in Chinese poses significant challenges for word-level parsers due to the absence of clear word boundaries. To facilitate a transition from word-level to character-level Chinese dependency…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Yang Hou , Zhenghua Li

Applying Small Language Models (SLMs) to Chinese character-driven generation remains challenging due to data scarcity and the difficulty of disentangling character style. Standard Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) often captures surface-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Chanhui Zhu

Humans can decompose Chinese characters into compositional components and recombine them to recognize unseen characters. This reflects two cognitive principles: Compositionality, the idea that complex concepts are built on simpler parts;…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Fan Shi , Haiyang Yu , Bin Li , Xiangyang Xue

In recent years, neural networks have proven to be effective in Chinese word segmentation. However, this promising performance relies on large-scale training data. Neural networks with conventional architectures cannot achieve the desired…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-07 Jingjing Xu , Xu Sun , Sujian Li , Xiaoyan Cai , Bingzhen Wei

In the last decade, the blossom of deep learning has witnessed the rapid development of scene text recognition. However, the recognition of low-resolution scene text images remains a challenge. Even though some super-resolution methods have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Jingye Chen , Haiyang Yu , Jianqi Ma , Bin Li , Xiangyang Xue

The long-tail effect is a common issue that limits the performance of deep learning models on real-world datasets. Character image datasets are also affected by such unbalanced data distribution due to differences in character usage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Xiaolei Diao , Daqian Shi , Hao Tang , Qiang Shen , Yanzeng Li , Lei Wu , Hao Xu

Previous works indicate that the glyph of Chinese characters contains rich semantic information and has the potential to enhance the representation of Chinese characters. The typical method to utilize the glyph features is by incorporating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Yunxin Li , Yu Zhao , Baotian Hu , Qingcai Chen , Yang Xiang , Xiaolong Wang , Yuxin Ding , Lin Ma

This paper presents a novel approach to Chinese characters through the lens of physics, network analysis, and natural systems. Computational analysis of over 6,000 characters identified 422 elemental characters as fundamental building…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-02-28 Wen G. Gong

Online and offline handwritten Chinese text recognition (HTCR) has been studied for decades. Early methods adopted oversegmentation-based strategies but suffered from low speed, insufficient accuracy, and high cost of character segmentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-01 Dezhi Peng , Lianwen Jin , Weihong Ma , Canyu Xie , Hesuo Zhang , Shenggao Zhu , Jing Li

Chinese scene text retrieval is a practical task that aims to search for images containing visual instances of a Chinese query text. This task is extremely challenging because Chinese text often features complex and diverse layouts in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Gengluo Li , Huawen Shen , Yu Zhou

The flourishing blossom of deep learning has witnessed the rapid development of text recognition in recent years. However, the existing text recognition methods are mainly proposed for English texts. As another widely-spoken language,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Haiyang Yu , Jingye Chen , Bin Li , Jianqi Ma , Mengnan Guan , Xixi Xu , Xiaocong Wang , Shaobo Qu , Xiangyang Xue

In this paper, we propose a novel model, named Stroke Sequence-dependent Deep Convolutional Neural Network (SSDCNN), using the stroke sequence information and eight-directional features for Online Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-10-14 Baotian Hu , Xin Liu , Xiangping Wu , Qingcai Chen

The generation of Chinese fonts has a wide range of applications. The currently predominated methods are mainly based on deep generative models, especially the generative adversarial networks (GANs). However, existing GAN-based models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-14 Jinshan Zeng , Yefei Wang , Qi Chen , Yunxin Liu , Mingwen Wang , Yuan Yao

Automatic font generation remains a challenging research issue, primarily due to the vast number of Chinese characters, each with unique and intricate structures. Our investigation of previous studies reveals inherent bias capable of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Mobai Xue , Jun Du , Zhenrong Zhang , Jiefeng Ma , Qikai Chang , Pengfei Hu , Jianshu Zhang , Yu Hu