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A rack is a set with a binary operation such that left multiplications are automorphisms of the set and a quandle is a rack satisfying a certain condition. Let $S$ be a subset of a finite group $G$ which is closed under the conjugation…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-08 Selçuk Kayacan

A quandle is an algebraic system originating in knot theory, which can be regarded as a generalization of the conjugation of groups. This structure naturally defines two subgroups of its automorphism group, which are called the inner…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-05-13 Kohei Iwamoto , Ryoya Kai , Yuya Kodama

This paper studies the left (right) middle translations on finite involutory latin quandles and their representations. It also shows that a left involutory latin quandle of odd order n can be constructed from a cyclic group of odd order by…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-08 Abednego Orobosa Isere

A quandle is an algebra whose axioms are motivated from knot theory. A linear extension of a quandle can be described by using a pair of maps called an Alexander pair. In this paper, we show that a linear extension of a multiple conjugation…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2020-03-26 Tomo Murao

For $G$ a finite group, one way to construct irreducible quandle representations over $\mathbb{C}$ of the conjugacy quandle $Conj(G)$ is by taking the product of an irreducible linear group representation of $G$ by what we call a quandle…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-06 Mohamad Maassarani

A quandle is an algebraic structure whose axioms correspond to the Reidemeister moves of knot theory. S. Kamada introduced the notion of a quandle with a good involution, which is later called a symmetric quandle. We are interested in the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2022-06-14 Yuta Taniguchi

Quandle representations are homomorphisms from a quandle to the group of invertible matrices on some vector space taken with the conjugation operation. We study certain families of quandle representations. More specifically, we introduce…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2023-07-10 Mohamed Elhamdadi , Prasad Senesi , Emanuele Zappala

Racks and quandles are algebraic structures with a single binary operation that is right self-distributive and right invertible, and additionally idempotent in the case of quandles. The invertibility condition is equivalent to the existence…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2024-07-23 Wayne Burrows , Christopher Tuffley

We introduce the notion of the power quandle of a group, an algebraic structure that forgets the multiplication but keeps the conjugation and the power maps. Compared with plain quandles, power quandles are much better invariants of groups.…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-30 Markus Szymik , Torstein Vik

We define biquandle structures on a given quandle, and show that any biquandle is given by some biquandle structure on its underlying quandle. By determining when two biquandle structures yield isomorphic biquandles, we obtain a…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2020-08-10 Eva Horvat

Two finite Alexander quandles with the same number of elements are isomorphic iff their Z[t,t^-1]-submodules Im(1-t) are isomorphic as modules. This yields specific conditions on when Alexander quandles of the form Z_n[t,t^-1]/(t-a) where…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Sam Nelson

Cocycles are constructed by polynomial expressions for Alexander quandles. As applications, non-triviality of some quandle homology groups are proved, and quandle cocycle invariants of knots are studied. In particular, for an infinite…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Kheira Ameur , Masahico Saito

A (left) quandle is connected if its left multiplication group acts transitively. In 2014, Eisermann introduced the concept of quandle coverings, corresponding to so-called constant quandle cocycles that form a subset of quandle cocycles. A…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2018-08-06 Marco Bonatto , Petr Vojtěchovský

A quandle is an algebraic structure whose binary operation is idempotent, right-invertible and right self-distributive. Right-invertibility ensures right translations are permutations and right self-distributivity ensures further they are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Antonio Lages , Pedro Lopes

A quantum Latin square is an $n \times n$ array of unit vectors where each row and column forms an orthonormal basis of a fixed complex vector space. We introduce the notion of $(G,G')$-invariant quantum Latin squares for finite groups $G$…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2025-03-03 Arnbjörg Soffía Árnadóttir , David E. Roberson

In the paper we describe the class of principal quandles and show that connected quandles can be decomposed as a disjoint union of principal quandles. We also prove that simple affine quandles are finite and they can be characterized among…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-10-15 Marco Bonatto

Algorithms are described and Maple implementations are provided for finding all quandles of order $n$, as well as computing all homomorphisms between two finite quandles or from a finitely presented quandle (e.g., a knot quandle) to a…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Richard Henderson , Todd Macedo , Sam Nelson

This article addresses two central problems in the theory of quandle rings. First, motivated by Conjecture 3.10 in Internat. J. Math. 34 (2023), no. 3, Paper No. 2350011: for a semi-latin quandle $X$, every nonzero idempotent in the…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2026-02-04 Valeriy Bardakov , Mohamed Elhamdadi

A quandle is an algebraic system whose axioms are motivated by Reidemeister moves in knot theory. A typical example is a conjugation quandle arising from a group. A quandle is said to be admissible if it is isomorphic to a conjugation…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-04-01 Katsunori Arai , Ryoya Kai

In this paper, we investigate the structure of associated groups of symmetric quandles. Among other results, we explore the relationship between the associated group of a symmetric quandle and that of its underlying quandle. We provide a…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-08-12 Toshiyuki Akita , Kakeru Shikata