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Efficient traffic signal control (TSC) is crucial for reducing congestion, travel delays, pollution, and for ensuring road safety. Traditional approaches, such as fixed signal control and actuated control, often struggle to handle dynamic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-29 Anirud Nandakumar , Chayan Banerjee , Lelitha Devi Vanajakshi

The growing demand for road use in urban areas has led to significant traffic congestion, posing challenges that are costly to mitigate through infrastructure expansion alone. As an alternative, optimizing existing traffic management…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Muhammad Tahir Rafique , Ahmed Mustafa , Hasan Sajid

This paper presents the results of a new deep learning model for traffic signal control. In this model, a novel state space approach is proposed to capture the main attributes of the control environment and the underlying temporal traffic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-20 Matthew Muresan , Liping Fu , Guangyuan Pan

Ensuring transportation systems are efficient is a priority for modern society. Technological advances have made it possible for transportation systems to collect large volumes of varied data on an unprecedented scale. We propose a traffic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-04 Wade Genders , Saiedeh Razavi

Adaptive traffic signal control, which adjusts traffic signal timing according to real-time traffic, has been shown to be an effective method to reduce traffic congestion. Available works on adaptive traffic signal control make responsive…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-05-09 Juntao Gao , Yulong Shen , Jia Liu , Minoru Ito , Norio Shiratori

This study proposes a delay-compensated feedback controller based on proximal policy optimization (PPO) reinforcement learning to stabilize traffic flow in the congested regime by manipulating the time-gap of adaptive cruise…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Shurong Mo , Nailong Wu , Jie Qi , Anqi Pan , Zhiguang Feng , Huaicheng Yan , Yueying Wang

In this paper, methods have been explored to effectively optimise traffic signal control to minimise waiting times and queue lengths, thereby increasing traffic flow. The traffic intersection was first defined as a Markov Decision Process,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-29 Hrishit Chaudhuri , Vibha Masti , Vishruth Veerendranath , S Natarajan

Reinforcement learning (RL) holds significant promise for adaptive traffic signal control. While existing RL-based methods demonstrate effectiveness in reducing vehicular congestion, their predominant focus on vehicle-centric optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Bibek Poudel , Xuan Wang , Weizi Li , Lei Zhu , Kevin Heaslip

Recently, Intelligent Transportation Systems are leveraging the power of increased sensory coverage and computing power to deliver data-intensive solutions achieving higher levels of performance than traditional systems. Within Traffic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Alvaro Cabrejas-Egea , Raymond Zhang , Neil Walton

Existing inefficient traffic light control causes numerous problems, such as long delay and waste of energy. To improve efficiency, taking real-time traffic information as an input and dynamically adjusting the traffic light duration…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Xiaoyuan Liang , Xunsheng Du , Guiling Wang , Zhu Han

Intelligent traffic lights in smart cities can optimally reduce traffic congestion. In this study, we employ reinforcement learning to train the control agent of a traffic light on a simulator of urban mobility. As a difference from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Yue Zhu , Mingyu Cai , Chris Schwarz , Junchao Li , Shaoping Xiao

Traffic light control is important for reducing congestion in urban mobility systems. This paper proposes a real-time traffic light control method using deep Q learning. Our approach incorporates a reward function considering queue lengths,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Taoyu Pan

Reinforcement learning (RL) has attracted increasing interest for adaptive traffic signal control due to its model-free ability to learn control policies directly from interaction with the traffic environment. However, several challenges…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Dickens Kwesiga , Angshuman Guin , Khaled Abdelghany , Michael Hunter

Traffic congestion and collisions represent significant economic, environmental, and social challenges worldwide. Traditional traffic management approaches have shown limited success in addressing these complex, dynamic problems. To address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Mira Nuthakki

Ineffective and inflexible traffic signal control at urban intersections can often lead to bottlenecks in traffic flows and cause congestion, delay, and environmental problems. How to manage traffic smartly by intelligent signal control is…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Mengyu Guo , Pin Wang , Ching-Yao Chan , Sid Askary

Traffic signal control is a challenging real-world problem aiming to minimize overall travel time by coordinating vehicle movements at road intersections. Existing traffic signal control systems in use still rely heavily on oversimplified…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Chi-Chun Chao , Jun-Wei Hsieh , Bor-Shiun Wang

Model free reinforcement learning (RL) provides a potential alternative to earlier formulations of adaptive transit signal priority (TSP) algorithms based on mathematical programming that require complex and nonlinear objective functions.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Dickness Kwesiga , Angshuman Guin , Michael Hunter

This study proposes a novel adaptive traffic signal control method leveraging a Deep Q-Network (DQN) and Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) to optimize signal timing by integrating variable cell length and multi-channel state…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-16 Maojiang Deng , Shoufeng Lu , Jiazhao Shi , Wen Zhang

Bus bunching is a natural-occurring phenomenon that undermines the efficiency and stability of the public transportation system. The mainstream solutions control the bus to intentionally stay longer at certain stations. Existing control…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Xiheng Wang

In reinforcement learning-based (RL-based) traffic signal control (TSC), decisions on the signal timing are made based on the available information on vehicles at a road intersection. This forms the state representation for the RL…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-13 Lawrence Francis , Blessed Guda , Ahmed Biyabani
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