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Two main obstacles for observing quantum advantage in noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers (NISQ) are the finite precision effects due to control errors, or disorders, and decoherence effects due to thermal fluctuations. It has been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-14 Leonardo Novo , Shantanav Chakraborty , Masoud Mohseni , Yasser Omar

Semidefinite programs (SDPs) are convex optimization programs with vast applications in control theory, quantum information, combinatorial optimization and operational research. Noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) algorithms aim to make…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-31 Kishor Bharti , Tobias Haug , Vlatko Vedral , Leong-Chuan Kwek

Quantum algorithms are getting extremely popular due to their potential to significantly outperform classical algorithms. Yet, applying quantum algorithms to optimization problems meets challenges related to the efficiency of quantum…

Implementing a quantum algorithm on a NISQ device has several challenges that arise from the fact that such devices are noisy and have limited quantum resources. Thus, various factors contributing to the depth and width as well as to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-25 Frank Leymann , Johanna Barzen

A practical fault-tolerant quantum computer is worth looking forward to as it provides applications that outperform their known classical counterparts. However, millions of interacting qubits with stringent criteria are required, which is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-31 Keren Li

Quantum field theory (QFT) simulations are a potentially important application for noisy intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) computers. The ability of a quantum computer to emulate a QFT, therefore, constitutes a natural application-centric…

Quantum computing in the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era presents significant challenges in differentiating quantum software bugs from hardware noise. Traditional debugging techniques from classical software engineering cannot…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Ahmik Virani , Devraj , Anirudh Suresh , Lei Zhang , M V Panduranga Rao

One of the main important features of the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era is the correct evaluation and consideration of errors. In this paper, we analyze the main sources of errors in current (IBM) quantum computers and we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-15 Unai Aseguinolaza , Nahual Sobrino , Gabriel Sobrino , Joaquim Jornet-Somoza , Juan Borge

High-dimensional quantum systems are vital for quantum technologies and are essential in demonstrating practical quantum advantage in quantum computing, simulation and sensing. Since dimensionality grows exponentially with the number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-01 Nana Liu , Peter Wittek

In this paper, we introduce an efficient algorithm for the quantum amplitude estimation task which works in noisy intermediate-scale quantum(NISQ) devices. The quantum amplitude estimation is an important problem which has various…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-29 Kouhei Nakaji

Quantum computing holds promise across various fields, particularly with the advent of Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices, which can outperform classical supercomputers in specific tasks. However, challenges such as noise and…

We propose a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for solving the time-independent Schr\"odinger equation for atomic and molecular collisions. The algorithm is based on the $S$-matrix version of the Kohn variational principle, which computes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-14 Xiaodong Xing , Alejandro Gomez Cadavid , Artur F. Izmaylov , Timur V. Tscherbul

In the era of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ), executing quantum algorithms on actual quantum devices faces unique challenges. One such challenge is that quantum devices in this era have restricted connectivity: quantum gates are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-16 Yao Tang

Deep neural networks remain highly vulnerable to adversarial perturbations, limiting their reliability in security- and safety-critical applications. To address this challenge, we introduce QShield, a modular hybrid quantum-classical neural…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Navid Azimi , Aditya Prakash , Yao Wang , Li Xiong

Solving differential equations is one of the most compelling applications of quantum computing. Most existing quantum algorithms addressing general ordinary and partial differential equations are thought to be too expensive to execute…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-26 Shengbin Wang , Zhimin Wang , Wendong Li , Lixin Fan , Guolong Cui , Zhiqiang Wei , Yongjian Gu

The limitations of Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices have motivated the development of Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs), which are designed to potentially achieve quantum advantage for specific tasks. Quantum Architecture…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-17 Junjian Su , Jiacheng Fan , Shengyao Wu , Guanghui Li , Sujuan Qin , Fei Gao

We introduce an explicit construction for a key distribution protocol in the Quantum Computational Timelock (QCT) security model, where one assumes that computationally secure encryption may only be broken after a time much longer than the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-24 Francesco Mazzoncini , Balthazar Bauer , Peter Brown , Romain Alléaume

In the paper we define a notion of quantum resistant ($(\epsilon,\delta)$-resistant) hash function which combine together a notion of pre-image (one-way) resistance ($\epsilon$-resistance) property we define in the paper and the notion of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-11 Farid Ablayev , Marat Ablayev

As quantum computing advances, quantum approximate optimization algorithms (QAOA) have shown promise in addressing combinatorial optimization problems. However, the limitations of Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices hinder the…

Variational hybrid quantum-classical optimization represents one of the most promising avenue to show the advantage of nowadays noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers in solving hard problems, such as finding the minimum-energy state of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-18 Laura Gentini , Alessandro Cuccoli , Stefano Pirandola , Paola Verrucchi , Leonardo Banchi
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