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We investigate the dynamics of chemical reaction networks (CRNs) with the goal of deriving an upper bound on their reaction rates. This task is challenging due to the nonlinear nature and discrete structure inherent in CRNs. To address…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-09-20 Tsuyoshi Mizohata , Tetsuya J. Kobayashi , Louis-S. Bouchard , Hideyuki Miyahara

Understanding the emergent behavior of chemical reaction networks (CRNs) is a fundamental aspect of biology and its origin from inanimate matter. A closed CRN monotonically tends to thermal equilibrium, but when it is opened to external…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-16 Masanari Shimada , Pegah Behrad , Eric De Giuli

Chemical systems are interpreted through the species they contain and the reactions they may undergo, i.e., their chemical reaction network (CRN). In spite of their central importance to chemistry, the structure of CRNs continues to be…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-06-17 Alex Blokhuis , Martijn van Kuppeveld , Daan van de Weem , Robert Pollice

Reaction networks are commonly used to model the evolution of populations of species subject to transformations following an imposed stoichiometry. This paper focuses on the efficient characterisation of dynamical properties of Discrete…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2013-07-15 Loïc Paulevé , Gheorghe Craciun , Heinz Koeppl

Chemical reaction networks (CRNs) model systems where molecules interact according to a finite set of reactions such as $A + B \to C$, representing that if a molecule of $A$ and $B$ collide, they disappear and a molecule of $C$ is produced.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-01-21 David Doty , Ben Heckmann

Living systems operate out of equilibrium, continuously consuming energy to sustain organised, functional states. Their emergent behaviour usually relies on a set of interconnected chemical reaction networks (CRNs) driven by external fluxes…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-02-03 Shiling Liang , Paolo De Los Rios , Daniel Maria Busiello

Neural networks (NNs) have been shown to learn complex control laws successfully, often with performance advantages or decreased computational cost compared to alternative methods. Neural network controllers (NNCs) are, however, highly…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-08 Oliver Gates , Matthew Newton , Konstantinos Gatsis

The dynamics of a chemical reaction network (CRN) is often modelled under the assumption of mass action kinetics by a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with polynomial right-hand sides that describe the time evolution of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-01-05 Radek Erban , Hye-Won Kang

The pairwise reachability problem for a multi-threaded program asks, given control locations in two threads, whether they can be simultaneously reached in an execution of the program. The problem is important for static analysis and is used…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Remi Bonnet , Rohit Chadha , Mahesh Viswanathan , P. Madhusudan

A chemical reaction network (CRN) is composed of reactions that can be seen as interactions among entities called species, which exist within the system. Endowed with kinetics, CRN has a corresponding set of ordinary differential equations…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-04-20 Bryan S. Hernandez , Ralph John L. De la Cruz

Much of the theory on chemical-reaction networks (CRNs) has been developed in the ideal-solution limit, where interactions between the solutes are negligible. However, there is a large variety of phenomena in biological cells and…

Biological Physics · Physics 2022-12-09 Ander Movilla Miangolarra , Michele Castellana

Network properties govern the rate and extent of various spreading processes, from simple contagions to complex cascades. Recently, the analysis of spreading processes has been extended from static networks to temporal networks, where nodes…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-12-18 Eun Lee , Scott Emmons , Ryan Gibson , James Moody , Peter J. Mucha

Analysis of large continuous-time stochastic systems is a computationally intensive task. In this work we focus on population models arising from chemical reaction networks (CRNs), which play a fundamental role in analysis and design of…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-05-27 Milan Češka , Jan Křetínský

Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) are considered as a promising solution to the spectrum shortage problem in wireless communication. In this paper, we initiate the first systematic study on the algorithmic complexity of the connectivity…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-01-08 Hongyu Liang , Tiancheng Lou , Haisheng Tan , Yuexuan Wang , Dongxiao Yu

Growth and decay are system-level properties of chemical reaction networks (CRNs) relevant from prebiotic chemistry to cellular metabolism. Their properties are typically analyzed through the kinetics of particular models, which requires…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-31 Praful Gagrani , Jiwei Wang , Yannick De Decker , David Lacoste

We explore the range of probabilistic behaviours that can be engineered with Chemical Reaction Networks (CRNs). We show that at steady state CRNs are able to "program" any distribution with finite support in $\mathbb{N}^m$, with $m \geq 1$.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-04-25 Luca Cardelli , Marta Kwiatkowska , Luca Laurenti

We investigate the complexity of the reachability problem for (deep) neural networks: does it compute valid output given some valid input? It was recently claimed that the problem is NP-complete for general neural networks and conjunctive…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Marco Sälzer , Martin Lange

This paper deals with the CREP (Configuration REachability Problem) for non-uniform cellular automata (CAs). The cells of non-uniform CAs, we have considered here, can use different Wolfram's rules to generate their next states. We report…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-01-25 Sumit Adak , Sukanya Mukherjee , Sukanta Das

We consider the verification of distributed systems composed of an arbitrary number of asynchronous processes. Processes are identical finite-state machines that communicate by reading from and writing to a shared memory. Beyond the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Nicolas Waldburger

Chemical Reaction Networks (CRNs) provide a useful abstraction of molecular interaction networks in which molecular structures as well as mass conservation principles are abstracted away to focus on the main dynamical properties of the…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2020-07-31 Elisabeth Degrand , François Fages , Sylvain Soliman