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We report on a sub-percent scale determination using the omega baryon mass and gradient-flow methods. The calculations are performed on 22 ensembles of $N_f=2+1+1$ highly improved, rooted staggered sea-quark configurations generated by the…

We report on a scale determination with gradient-flow techniques on the $N_f = 2 + 1 + 1$ HISQ ensembles generated by the MILC collaboration. The lattice scale $w_0/a$, originally proposed by the BMW collaboration, is computed using…

We give a determination of the phenomenological value of the Wilson (or gradient) flow scales t0 and w0 for 2+1 flavours of dynamical quarks. The simulations are performed keeping the average quark mass constant, which allows the approach…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2015-08-25 V. G. Bornyakov , R. Horsley , R. Hudspith , Y. Nakamura , H. Perlt , D. Pleiter , P. E. L. Rakow , G. Schierholz , A. Schiller , H. Stüben , J. M. Zanotti

We apply the Symanzik improvement programme to the 4+1-dimensional local re-formulation of the gradient flow in pure $SU(N)$ lattice gauge theories. We show that the classical nature of the flow equation allows to eliminate all cutoff…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2016-02-17 A. Ramos , S. Sint

Lattice calculations of hadronic observables are aggravated by short-distance fluctuations. The gradient flow, which can be viewed as a particular realisation of the coarse-graining step of momentum space RG transformations, proves a…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2021-12-14 K. U. Can , R. Horsley , Y. Nakamura , H. Perlt , P. E. L. Rakow , G. Schierholz , H. Stüben , R. D. Young , J. M. Zanotti

Two popular methods to reduce discretisation effects are Symanzik improvement and gauge field smearing in the Dirac operator. Tree-level $O(a^2)$-improved Wilson fermions can be obtained from $O(a)$-improved Wilson fermions by adding one…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2023-10-11 Andreas Risch

We investigate the stability of topological charge under gradient flow taking the admissibility condition into account. For the $SU(2)$ Wilson gauge theory with $\beta=2.45$ and $L^4=12^4$, we numerically show that the gradient flows with…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2025-03-21 Yuya Tanizaki , Akio Tomiya , Hiromasa Watanabe

When designing lattice actions, gauge field smearing is often used in the definition of the lattice Dirac operator. Too much smearing can result in uncontrolled continuum extrapolations as the short distance behaviour of the theory is…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2024-10-07 Andreas Risch

We investigate the approach of pure SU(2) lattice gauge theory with the Wilson action to its continuum limit using the deconfining phase transition, the gradient flow and the cooling flow to set the scale. For the gradient and cooling…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2017-05-24 Bernd A. Berg , David A. Clarke

The principles of scale setting in lattice QCD as well as the advantages and disadvantages of various commonly used scales are discussed. After listing criteria for good scales, I concentrate on the main presently used ones with an emphasis…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2014-01-15 Rainer Sommer

We compare lattice scales determined from the vector meson mass and the Wilson flow scale w_0 in QCD with two-flavours of rooted naive staggered fermions over a wide range of lattice spacing and quark mass. We find that the distributions of…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2016-09-21 Saumen Datta , Sourendu Gupta , Anirban Lahiri , Pushan Majumdar

We combine gradient flow, step-scaling, and finite-temperature boundary conditions to scale-set 2+1+1 flavor QCD lattices with physical HISQ quarks at multiple spacings down to a=0.01378 fm, such that they represent the same temperature at…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2023-10-02 Parikshit M. Junnarkar , Guy D. Moore , Aidan Chaumet

We calculate the renormalized step scaling function for twelve fundamental flavors nonperturbatively by determining the gradient flow coupling on gauge field configurations generated with dynamical stout-smeared M\"obius domain wall…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2018-10-15 Anna Hasenfratz , Claudio Rebbi , Oliver Witzel

We study the perturbative behavior of the gradient flow in a twisted box. We apply this information to define a running coupling using the energy density of the flow field. We study the step-scaling function and the size of cutoff effects…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2013-08-22 A. Ramos

The one-loop determination of the coefficient $c_\text{SW}$ of the Wilson quark action has been useful to push the leading cut-off effects for on-shell quantities to $\mathcal{O}(\alpha^2 a)$ and, in conjunction with non-perturbative…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2024-02-16 Maximilian Ammer , Stephan Durr

Boltzmann Generators have emerged as a promising machine learning tool for generating samples from equilibrium distributions of molecular systems using Normalizing Flows and importance weighting. Recently, Flow Matching has helped speed up…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-21 Lorenz Vaitl , Leon Klein

Nonperturbative determinations of the renormalization group (RG) $\beta$ function are crucial to understand properties of gauge-fermion systems at strong coupling and connect lattice simulations and the perturbative ultraviolet regime.…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2023-01-11 Anna Hasenfratz , Claudio Rebbi , Oliver Witzel

We review the gradient flow for gauge and fermion fields and its applications to lattice gauge theory computations. Using specific examples, we discuss the interplay between perturbative and non-perturbative calculations in the context of…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2023-01-19 Andrea Shindler

We consider spectral quantities in lattice QCD and determine the asymptotic behavior of their discretization errors. Wilson fermion with O$(a)$-improvement, (M\"obius) Domain wall fermion (DWF), and overlap Dirac operators are considered in…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2024-10-18 Nikolai Husung , Peter Marquard , Rainer Sommer

When designing lattice actions, gauge field smearing is frequently used to define the lattice Dirac operator. Since the smearing procedure removes effects of ultraviolet fluctuations, the fermions effectively see a larger lattice spacing…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2022-12-09 Andreas Risch , Stefan Schaefer , Rainer Sommer