English
Related papers

Related papers: Simplicity Bias in Transformers and their Ability …

200 papers

Language models (LMs) exhibit remarkable abilities to solve new tasks from just a few examples or textual instructions, especially at scale. They also, paradoxically, struggle with basic functionality, such as arithmetic or factual lookup,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Timo Schick , Jane Dwivedi-Yu , Roberto Dessì , Roberta Raileanu , Maria Lomeli , Luke Zettlemoyer , Nicola Cancedda , Thomas Scialom

Recent work on the lottery ticket hypothesis has produced highly sparse Transformers for NMT while maintaining BLEU. However, it is unclear how such pruning techniques affect a model's learned representations. By probing Transformers with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-14 Rajiv Movva , Jason Y. Zhao

Inspired by recent strides in empirical efficacy of implicit learning in many robotics tasks, we seek to understand the theoretical benefits of implicit formulations in the face of nearly discontinuous functions, common characteristics for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Bibit Bianchini , Mathew Halm , Nikolai Matni , Michael Posa

The transformer architecture has prevailed in various deep learning settings due to its exceptional capabilities to select and compose structural information. Motivated by these capabilities, Sanford et al. proposed the sparse token…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-12 Zixuan Wang , Stanley Wei , Daniel Hsu , Jason D. Lee

Existing work has analyzed the representational capacity of the transformer architecture by means of formal models of computation. However, the focus so far has been on analyzing the architecture in terms of language \emph{acceptance}. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Anej Svete , Ryan Cotterell

In this paper, we propose a simple and effective technique to allow for efficient self-supervised learning with bi-directional Transformers. Our approach is motivated by recent studies demonstrating that self-attention patterns in trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Ameet Deshpande , Karthik Narasimhan

Sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) learners are widely used, but we still have only limited knowledge about what inductive biases shape the way they generalize. We address that by investigating how popular seq2seq learners generalize in tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Eugene Kharitonov , Rahma Chaabouni

While large language models based on the transformer architecture have demonstrated remarkable in-context learning (ICL) capabilities, understandings of such capabilities are still in an early stage, where existing theory and mechanistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Tianyu Guo , Wei Hu , Song Mei , Huan Wang , Caiming Xiong , Silvio Savarese , Yu Bai

Despite their dominance in modern DL and, especially, NLP domains, transformer architectures exhibit sub-optimal performance on long-range tasks compared to recent layers that are specifically designed for this purpose. In this work,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Itamar Zimerman , Lior Wolf

Transformer architectures, and their attention mechanisms in particular, form the foundation of modern large language models. While transformer models are widely believed to operate in high-dimensional hidden spaces, we show that attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Junxuan Wang , Xuyang Ge , Wentao Shu , Zhengfu He , Xipeng Qiu

There is an ongoing debate on whether neural networks can grasp the quasi-regularities in languages like humans. In a typical quasi-regularity task, English past tense inflections, the neural network model has long been criticized that it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Xiaomeng Ma , Lingyu Gao

Transformer models can use two fundamentally different kinds of information: information stored in weights during training, and information provided ``in-context'' at inference time. In this work, we show that transformers exhibit different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Stephanie C. Y. Chan , Ishita Dasgupta , Junkyung Kim , Dharshan Kumaran , Andrew K. Lampinen , Felix Hill

The advent of transformer-based architectures and large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced the performance of natural language processing (NLP) models. Since these LLMs are trained on huge corpuses of data from the web and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Arkadeep Baksi , Rahul Singh , Tarun Joshi

We analyze the capabilities of Transformer language models in learning compositional discrete tasks. To this end, we evaluate training LLaMA models and prompting GPT-4 and Gemini on four tasks demanding to learn a composition of several…

Neural network models often generalize poorly to mismatched domains or distributions. In NLP, this issue arises in particular when models are expected to generalize compositionally, that is, to novel combinations of familiar words and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Wang Zhu , Peter Shaw , Tal Linzen , Fei Sha

Transformer-based models have achieved remarkable results in low-level vision tasks including image super-resolution (SR). However, early Transformer-based approaches that rely on self-attention within non-overlapping windows encounter…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-18 Cansu Korkmaz , A. Murat Tekalp

Tabular machine learning problems often require time-consuming and labor-intensive feature engineering. Recent efforts have focused on using large language models (LLMs) to capitalize on their potential domain knowledge. At the same time,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Jaris Küken , Lennart Purucker , Frank Hutter

Transformers demonstrate significant advantages as the building block of modern LLMs. In this work, we study the capacities of Transformers in performing unsupervised learning. We show that multi-layered Transformers, given a sufficiently…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-01-14 Yihan He , Yuan Cao , Hong-Yu Chen , Dennis Wu , Jianqing Fan , Han Liu

Prompting large language models has gained immense popularity in recent years due to the advantage of producing good results even without the need for labelled data. However, this requires prompt tuning to get optimal prompts that lead to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Jacob-Junqi Tian , David Emerson , Sevil Zanjani Miyandoab , Deval Pandya , Laleh Seyyed-Kalantari , Faiza Khan Khattak

Concerns about interpretability, computational resources, and principled inductive priors have motivated efforts to engineer sparse neural models for NLP tasks. If sparsity is important for NLP, might well-trained neural models naturally…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-07 Naomi Saphra , Adam Lopez