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Out-of-distribution generalization in reinforcement learning is hard to diagnose when benchmark shifts mix dynamics, observations, goals, and rewards. We address this with Tape, a controlled benchmark that isolates latent rule-shift in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Enze Pan

Documents are central to many business systems, and include forms, reports, contracts, invoices or purchase orders. The information in documents is typically in natural language, but can be organized in various layouts and formats. There…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Sumit Shekhar , Bhanu Prakash Reddy Guda , Ashutosh Chaubey , Ishan Jindal , Avneet Jain

Concept-based interpretability methods like TCAV require clean, well-separated positive and negative examples for each concept. Existing music datasets lack this structure: tags are sparse, noisy, or ill-defined. We introduce ConceptCaps, a…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Bruno Sienkiewicz , Łukasz Neumann , Mateusz Modrzejewski

A recent line of research on automated speaking assessment (ASA) has benefited from self-supervised learning (SSL) representations, which capture rich acoustic and linguistic patterns in non-native speech without underlying assumptions of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-23 Tien-Hong Lo , Szu-Yu Chen , Yao-Ting Sung , Berlin Chen

Octave equivalence serves as domain-knowledge in MIR systems, including chromagram, spiral convolutional networks, and harmonic CQT. Prior work has applied the Isomap manifold learning algorithm to unlabeled audio data to embed frequency…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-05 Sripathi Sridhar , Vincent Lostanlen

Developing new machine learning applications often requires the collection of new datasets. However, existing datasets may already contain relevant information to train models for new purposes. We propose SoundCollage: a framework to…

Several works in computer vision have demonstrated the effectiveness of active learning for adapting the recognition model when new unlabeled data becomes available. Most of these works consider that labels obtained from the annotator are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Sudipta Paul , Shivkumar Chandrasekaran , B. S. Manjunath , Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury

Recent multi-modal audio-language models (ALMs) excel at text-audio retrieval but struggle with frame-wise audio understanding. Prior works use temporal-aware labels or unsupervised training to improve frame-wise capabilities, but they…

Metrics to evaluate audio captions simply provide a score without much explanation regarding what may be wrong in case the score is low. Manual human intervention is needed to find any shortcomings of the caption. In this work, we introduce…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Rehana Mahfuz , Yinyi Guo , Arvind Krishna Sridhar , Erik Visser

Many tasks in explainable machine learning, such as data valuation and feature attribution, perform expensive computation for each data point and are intractable for large datasets. These methods require efficient approximations, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Ian Covert , Chanwoo Kim , Su-In Lee , James Zou , Tatsunori Hashimoto

Log anomaly detection is essential for system reliability, but it is extremely challenging to do considering it involves class imbalance. Additionally, the models trained in one domain are not applicable to other domains, necessitating the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Krishna Sharma , Vivek Yelleti

To increase the availability and adoption of the soundscape standard, a low-cost calibration procedure for reproduction of audio stimuli over headphones was proposed as part of the global ``Soundscape Attributes Translation Project'' (SATP)…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-10 Bhan Lam , Kenneth Ooi , Zhen-Ting Ong , Karn N. Watcharasupat , Trevor Wong , Woon-Seng Gan

The analysis, processing, and extraction of meaningful information from sounds all around us is the subject of the broader area of audio analytics. Audio captioning is a recent addition to the domain of audio analytics, a cross-modal…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-04 Sandeep Kothinti , Dimitra Emmanouilidou

High quality labeled datasets have allowed deep learning to achieve impressive results on many sound analysis tasks. Yet, it is labor-intensive to accurately annotate large amount of audio data, and the dataset may contain noisy labels in…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-17 Boqing Zhu , Kele Xu , Qiuqiang Kong , Huaimin Wang , Yuxing Peng

Classification algorithms have been widely adopted to detect anomalies for various systems, e.g., IoT, cloud and face recognition, under the common assumption that the data source is clean, i.e., features and labels are correctly set.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-22 Zilong Zhao , Robert Birke , Rui Han , Bogdan Robu , Sara Bouchenak , Sonia Ben Mokhtar , Lydia Y. Chen

Anomaly detection has many important applications, such as monitoring industrial equipment. Despite recent advances in anomaly detection with deep-learning methods, it is unclear how existing solutions would perform under…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Bingqing Chen , Luca Bondi , Samarjit Das

As an important piece of the multi-tier computing architecture for future wireless networks, over-the-air computation (OAC) enables efficient function computation in multiple-access edge computing, where a fusion center aims to compute a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-26 Yulin Shao , Deniz Gunduz , Soung Chang Liew

The Mean Opinion Score (MOS) serves as the standard metric for speech quality assessment, yet biases in human annotations remain underexplored. We conduct the first systematic analysis of gender bias in MOS, revealing that male listeners…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-17 Wenze Ren , Yi-Cheng Lin , Wen-Chin Huang , Erica Cooper , Ryandhimas E. Zezario , Hsin-Min Wang , Hung-yi Lee , Yu Tsao

For fine-grained generation and recognition tasks such as minimally-supervised text-to-speech (TTS), voice conversion (VC), and automatic speech recognition (ASR), the intermediate representations extracted from speech should serve as a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-19 Chunyu Qiang , Hao Li , Yixin Tian , Ruibo Fu , Tao Wang , Longbiao Wang , Jianwu Dang

In learning tasks with label noise, improving model robustness against overfitting is a pivotal challenge because the model eventually memorizes labels, including the noisy ones. Identifying the samples with noisy labels and preventing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Reihaneh Torkzadehmahani , Reza Nasirigerdeh , Daniel Rueckert , Georgios Kaissis
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