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The solution to partial differential equations using deep learning approaches has shown promising results for several classes of initial and boundary-value problems. However, their ability to surpass, particularly in terms of accuracy,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-08-23 Ziad Aldirany , Régis Cottereau , Marc Laforest , Serge Prudhomme

Mixed-dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs) are characterized by coupled operators defined on domains of varying dimensions and pose significant computational challenges due to their inherent ill-conditioning. Moreover, the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-05-14 Nunzio Dimola , Nicola Rares Franco , Paolo Zunino

Deep neural networks (DNN) have been used to model nonlinear relations between physical quantities. Those DNNs are embedded in physical systems described by partial differential equations (PDE) and trained by minimizing a loss function that…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-02-26 Kailai Xu , Eric Darve

In this paper we propose a new model-based unsupervised learning method, called VarNet, for the solution of partial differential equations (PDEs) using deep neural networks (NNs). Particularly, we propose a novel loss function that relies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Reza Khodayi-Mehr , Michael M. Zavlanos

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are machine learning tools that approximate the solution of general partial differential equations (PDEs) by adding them in some form as terms of the loss/cost function of a Neural Network. Most…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-08-29 Antonio Tadeu Azevedo Gomes , Larissa Miguez da Silva , Frederic Valentin

We introduce a conceptual framework for numerically solving linear elliptic, parabolic, and hyperbolic PDEs on bounded, polytopal domains in euclidean spaces by deep neural networks. The PDEs are recast as minimization of a least-squares…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-10-01 Joost A. A. Opschoor , Philipp C. Petersen , Christoph Schwab

This work is concerned with linear matrix equations that arise from the space-time discretization of time-dependent linear partial differential equations (PDEs). Such matrix equations have been considered, for example, in the context of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-06-16 Daniel Kressner , Stefano Massei , Junli Zhu

The numerical solution of high dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs) is severely constrained by the curse of dimensionality (CoD), rendering classical grid--based methods impractical beyond a few dimensions. In recent years,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-27 Wenzhong Zhang , Zheyuan Hu , Wei Cai , George EM Karniadakis

We propose rigorous lower and upper error bounds for neural network (NN) approximations to PDEs by efficiently computing the Riesz representations of suitable extension and restrictions of the NN residual towards geometrically simpler…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-15 Lewin Ernst , Nikolaos Rekatsinas , Karsten Urban

We propose in this paper a multilevel correction method to solve optimal control problems constrained by elliptic equations with the finite element method. In this scheme, solving optimization problem on the finest finite element space is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-08-31 Wei Gong , Hehu Xie , Ningning Yan

We propose a new approach to learning the subgrid-scale model when simulating partial differential equations (PDEs) solved by the method of lines and their representation in chaotic ordinary differential equations, based on neural ordinary…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-04-14 Shinhoo Kang , Emil M. Constantinescu

We present a methodology combining neural networks with physical principle constraints in the form of partial differential equations (PDEs). The approach allows to train neural networks while respecting the PDEs as a strong constraint in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-09-06 Sebastian K. Mitusch , Simon W. Funke , Miroslav Kuchta

Partial differential equations (PDEs) on surfaces are fundamental to scientific computing and geometry processing. A popular approach to solving PDEs on surfaces is the finite element method (FEM), where the surface is divided into discrete…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Pranav Jain , Navami Kairanda , Peter Yichen Chen , Oded Stein

We introduce an $r-$adaptive algorithm to solve Partial Differential Equations using a Deep Neural Network. The proposed method restricts to tensor product meshes and optimizes the boundary node locations in one dimension, from which we…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-10-21 Ángel J. Omella , David Pardo

This work proposes an $r$-adaptive finite element method (FEM) using neural networks (NNs). The method employs the Ritz energy functional as the loss function, currently limiting its applicability to symmetric and coercive problems, such as…

Neural Networks (NNs) can be used to solve Ordinary and Partial Differential Equations (ODEs and PDEs) by redefining the question as an optimization problem. The objective function to be optimized is the sum of the squares of the PDE to be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Veronica Guidetti , Francesco Muia , Yvette Welling , Alexander Westphal

This paper studies an unsupervised deep learning-based numerical approach for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). The approach makes use of the deep neural network to approximate solutions of PDEs through the compositional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-26 Zhiqiang Cai , Jingshuang Chen , Min Liu , Xinyu Liu

In this work, we present a study combining two approaches in the context of solving PDEs: the continuous finite element method (FEM) and more recent techniques based on neural networks. In recent years, physics-informed neural networks…

A neural network architecture is presented that exploits the multilevel properties of high-dimensional parameter-dependent partial differential equations, enabling an efficient approximation of parameter-to-solution maps, rivaling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Janina Enrica Schütte , Martin Eigel

Partial differential equations (PDEs) are widely used across the physical and computational sciences. Decades of research and engineering went into designing fast iterative solution methods. Existing solvers are general purpose, but may be…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-09-23 Jun-Ting Hsieh , Shengjia Zhao , Stephan Eismann , Lucia Mirabella , Stefano Ermon