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In multi-agent systems, agents need to interact and collaborate with other agents in environments. Agent modeling is crucial to facilitate agent interactions and make adaptive cooperation strategies. However, it is challenging for agents to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Baofu Fang , Caiming Zheng , Hao Wang

In Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), accurately perceiving opponents' strategies is essential for both cooperative and adversarial contexts, particularly within dynamic environments. While Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Mohidul Haque Mridul , Mohammad Foysal Khan , Redwan Ahmed Rizvee , Md Mosaddek Khan

In reinforcement learning (RL), function approximation errors are known to easily lead to the Q-value overestimations, thus greatly reducing policy performance. This paper presents a distributional soft actor-critic (DSAC) algorithm, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Jingliang Duan , Yang Guan , Shengbo Eben Li , Yangang Ren , Bo Cheng

In traditional reinforcement learning, an agent maximizes the reward collected during its interaction with the environment by approximating the optimal policy through the estimation of value functions. Typically, given a state s and action…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-20 Shangda Li , Selina Bing , Steven Yang

Human coordination often relies on the ability to influence the beliefs of others through strategic action. In multi-agent reinforcement learning, opponent shaping attempts to replicate this influence, though existing methods typically…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Aarav G Sane , Karthik Sivachandran , Rohan Paleja

Off-policy reinforcement learning (RL) has achieved notable success in tackling many complex real-world tasks, by leveraging previously collected data for policy learning. However, most existing off-policy RL algorithms fail to maximally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Yu Luo , Tianying Ji , Fuchun Sun , Jianwei Zhang , Huazhe Xu , Xianyuan Zhan

This paper proposes a new actor-critic-style algorithm called Dual Actor-Critic or Dual-AC. It is derived in a principled way from the Lagrangian dual form of the Bellman optimality equation, which can be viewed as a two-player game between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-01-01 Bo Dai , Albert Shaw , Niao He , Lihong Li , Le Song

Distributed decision making in multi-agent networks has recently attracted significant research attention thanks to its wide applicability, e.g. in the management and optimization of computer networks, power systems, robotic teams, sensor…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-11-13 Carlo Cenedese , Yu Kawano , Sergio Grammatico , Ming Cao

Game theory serves as a powerful tool for distributed optimization in multi-agent systems in different applications. In this paper we consider multi-agent systems that can be modeled by means of potential games whose potential function…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-04-13 Tatiana Tatarenko

The problem of multi-agent learning and adaptation has attracted a great deal of attention in recent years. It has been suggested that the dynamics of multi agent learning can be studied using replicator equations from population biology.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2011-09-26 Aram Galstyan

Learning efficiently a causal model of the environment is a key challenge of model-based RL agents operating in POMDPs. We consider here a scenario where the learning agent has the ability to collect online experiences through direct…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Maxime Gasse , Damien Grasset , Guillaume Gaudron , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer

Research in cooperative games often assumes that agents know the coalitional values with certainty, and that they can belong to one coalition only. By contrast, this work assumes that the value of a coalition is based on an underlying…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-04-17 Michalis Mamakos , Georgios Chalkiadakis

Entropy regularization is a popular method in reinforcement learning (RL). Although it has many advantages, it alters the RL objective of the original Markov Decision Process (MDP). Though divergence regularization has been proposed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Kefan Su , Zongqing Lu

We study a distributed decision-making problem in which multiple agents face the same multi-armed bandit (MAB), and each agent makes sequential choices among arms to maximize its own individual reward. The agents cooperate by sharing their…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-08-13 Peter Landgren , Vaibhav Srivastava , Naomi Ehrich Leonard

In this work, we present a novel cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning method called \textbf{Loc}ality based \textbf{Fac}torized \textbf{M}ulti-Agent \textbf{A}ctor-\textbf{C}ritic (Loc-FACMAC). Existing state-of-the-art…

Current approaches to multi-agent cooperation rely heavily on centralized mechanisms or explicit communication protocols to ensure convergence. This paper studies the problem of distributed multi-agent learning without resorting to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Caroline Wang , Ishan Durugkar , Elad Liebman , Peter Stone

In partially observable reinforcement learning, offline training gives access to latent information which is not available during online training and/or execution, such as the system state. Asymmetric actor-critic methods exploit such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-08 Andrea Baisero , Christopher Amato

Ensuring robust decision-making in multi-agent systems is challenging when agents have distinct, possibly conflicting objectives and lack full knowledge of each other's strategies. This is apparent in safety-critical applications such as…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-20 Francesco Bianchin , Robert Lefringhausen , Elisa Gaetan , Samuel Tesfazgi , Sandra Hirche

In this paper, we consider an unconstrained distributed optimization problem over a network of agents, in which some agents are adversarial. We solve the problem via gradient-based distributed optimization algorithm and characterize the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-03-22 Iyanuoluwa Emiola , Laurent Njilla , Chinwendu Enyioha

This paper considers a distributed reinforcement learning problem in which a network of multiple agents aim to cooperatively maximize the globally averaged return through communication with only local neighbors. A randomized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-09 Yixuan Lin , Kaiqing Zhang , Zhuoran Yang , Zhaoran Wang , Tamer Başar , Romeil Sandhu , Ji Liu
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