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Navigating off-road with a fast autonomous vehicle depends on a robust perception system that differentiates traversable from non-traversable terrain. Typically, this depends on a semantic understanding which is based on supervised learning…

Traversability illustrates the difficulty of driving through a specific region and encompasses the suitability of the terrain for traverse based on its physical properties, such as slope and roughness, surface condition, etc. In this survey…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Christos Sevastopoulos , Stations Konstantopoulos

Estimating the traversability of terrain should be reliable and accurate in diverse conditions for autonomous driving in off-road environments. However, learning-based approaches often yield unreliable results when confronted with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Junwon Seo , Sungdae Sim , Inwook Shim

Successful deployment of mobile robots in unstructured domains requires an understanding of the environment and terrain to avoid hazardous areas, getting stuck, and colliding with obstacles. Traversability estimation--which predicts where…

Traversability estimation is critical for enabling robots to navigate across diverse terrains and environments. While recent self-supervised learning methods achieve promising results, they often fail to capture the characteristics of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Zipeng Fang , Yanbo Wang , Lei Zhao , Weidong Chen

Discriminating the traversability of terrains is a crucial task for autonomous driving in off-road environments. However, it is challenging due to the diverse, ambiguous, and platform-specific nature of off-road traversability. In this…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Hanzhang Xue , Xiaochang Hu , Rui Xie , Hao Fu , Liang Xiao , Yiming Nie , Bin Dai

Self-supervised online traversability estimation enables robots to continuously learn from unlabeled open-world experiences and adapt their navigation behavior toward safe and efficient trajectories. Existing approaches either rely on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Julia Hindel , Simon Bultmann , Houman Masnavi , Daniele Cattaneo , Abhinav Valada

The challenge of traversability estimation is a crucial aspect of autonomous navigation in unstructured outdoor environments such as forests. It involves determining whether certain areas are passable or risky for robots, taking into…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Fetullah Atas , Grzegorz Cielniak , Lars Grimstad

Reliable estimation of terrain traversability is critical for the successful deployment of autonomous systems in wild, outdoor environments. Given the lack of large-scale annotated datasets for off-road navigation, strictly-supervised…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Sanghun Jung , JoonHo Lee , Xiangyun Meng , Byron Boots , Alexander Lambert

Estimating terrain traversability in off-road environments requires reasoning about complex interaction dynamics between the robot and these terrains. However, it is challenging to create informative labels to learn a model in a supervised…

Being able to estimate the traversability of the area surrounding a mobile robot is a fundamental task in the design of a navigation algorithm. However, the task is often complex, since it requires evaluating distances from obstacles, type…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-17 Simone Palazzo , Dario C. Guastella , Luciano Cantelli , Paolo Spadaro , Francesco Rundo , Giovanni Muscato , Daniela Giordano , Concetto Spampinato

For the safe and successful navigation of autonomous vehicles in unstructured environments, the traversability of terrain should vary based on the driving capabilities of the vehicles. Actual driving experience can be utilized in a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Junwon Seo , Taekyung Kim , Kiho Kwak , Jihong Min , Inwook Shim

Reliable traversability estimation is crucial for autonomous robots to navigate complex outdoor environments safely. Existing self-supervised learning frameworks primarily rely on positive and unlabeled data; however, the lack of explicit…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Bomena Kim , Hojun Lee , Younsoo Park , Yaoyu Hu , Sebastian Scherer , Inwook Shim

For a self-driving car to operate reliably, its perceptual system must generalize to the end-user's environment -- ideally without additional annotation efforts. One potential solution is to leverage unlabeled data (e.g., unlabeled LiDAR…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Yurong You , Cheng Perng Phoo , Katie Z Luo , Travis Zhang , Wei-Lun Chao , Bharath Hariharan , Mark Campbell , Kilian Q. Weinberger

Safe autonomous navigation requires reliable estimation of environmental traversability. Traditional methods have relied on semantic or geometry-based approaches with human-defined thresholds, but these methods often yield unreliable…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Dongjin Cho , Miryeong Park , Juhui Lee , Geonmo Yang , Younggun Cho

Terrain traversability analysis is a fundamental issue to achieve the autonomy of a robot at off-road environments. Geometry-based and appearance-based methods have been studied in decades, while behavior-based methods exploiting learning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Zeyu Zhu , Nan Li , Ruoyu Sun , Huijing Zhao , Donghao Xu

Traversability estimation in off-road terrains is an essential procedure for autonomous navigation. However, creating reliable labels for complex interactions between the robot and the surface is still a challenging problem in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Qiumin Zhu , Zhen Sun , Songpengcheng Xia , Guoqing Liu , Kehui Ma , Ling Pei , Zheng Gong , Cheng Jin

Autonomous off-road navigation requires robots to estimate terrain traversability from onboard sensors and plan motion accordingly. Conventional approaches typically rely on sampling-based planners such as MPPI to generate short-term…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Yixuan Jia , Qingyuan Li , Jonathan P. How

We present OffRoadTranSeg, the first end-to-end framework for semi-supervised segmentation in unstructured outdoor environment using transformers and automatic data selection for labelling. The offroad segmentation is a scene understanding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Anukriti Singh , Kartikeya Singh , P. B. Sujit

Terrain traversability analysis plays a major role in ensuring safe robotic navigation in unstructured environments. However, real-time constraints frequently limit the accuracy of online tests especially in scenarios where realistic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Marco Visca , Sampo Kuutti , Roger Powell , Yang Gao , Saber Fallah
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