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Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) have garnered much attention for their ability to elucidate the prediction process through a humanunderstandable concept layer. However, most previous studies focused on cases where the data, including…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Lijie Hu , Chenyang Ren , Zhengyu Hu , Hongbin Lin , Cheng-Long Wang , Hui Xiong , Jingfeng Zhang , Di Wang

The widespread adoption of deep learning models in computer vision has intensified concerns about interpretability. Despite strong performance, these models are often treated as black boxes, with limited systematic investigation of their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Konstantinos P. Panousis , Diego Marcos

We introduce Graph Concept Bottleneck (GCB) as a new paradigm for self-explainable text-attributed graph learning. GCB maps graphs into a subspace, concept bottleneck, where each concept is a meaningful phrase, and predictions are made…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Xiaoxue Han , Libo Zhang , Zining Zhu , Yue Ning

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) ground image classification on human-understandable concepts to allow for interpretable model decisions. Crucially, the CBM design inherently allows for human interventions, in which expert users are given…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Nishad Singhi , Jae Myung Kim , Karsten Roth , Zeynep Akata

The main challenges hindering the adoption of deep learning-based systems in clinical settings are the scarcity of annotated data and the lack of interpretability and trust in these systems. Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) offer inherent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Cristiano Patrício , Luís F. Teixeira , João C. Neves

Successful group meetings, such as those implemented in group behavioral-change programs, work meetings, and other social contexts, must promote individual goal setting and execution while strengthening the social relationships within the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Xinyu Zhao , Zhen Tan , Maya Enisman , Minjae Seo , Marta R. Durantini , Dolores Albarracin , Tianlong Chen

Goal misalignment, reward sparsity and difficult credit assignment are only a few of the many issues that make it difficult for deep reinforcement learning (RL) agents to learn optimal policies. Unfortunately, the black-box nature of deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Quentin Delfosse , Sebastian Sztwiertnia , Mark Rothermel , Wolfgang Stammer , Kristian Kersting

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) tackle the opacity of neural architectures by constructing and explaining their predictions using a set of high-level concepts. A special property of these models is that they permit concept interventions,…

Concept Bottleneck Model (CBM) is a methods for explaining neural networks. In CBM, concepts which correspond to reasons of outputs are inserted in the last intermediate layer as observed values. It is expected that we can interpret the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-15 Naoki Hayashi , Yoshihide Sawada

Concept bottleneck models are interpretable predictive models that are often used in domains where model trust is a key priority, such as healthcare. They identify a small number of human-interpretable concepts in the data, which they then…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Katrina Brown , Marton Havasi , Finale Doshi-Velez

Trained on a vast amount of data, Large Language models (LLMs) have achieved unprecedented success and generalization in modeling fairly complex textual inputs in the abstract space, making them powerful tools for zero-shot learning. Such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Shervin Ardeshir

Concept bottleneck models have been successfully used for explainable machine learning by encoding information within the model with a set of human-defined concepts. In the context of human-assisted or autonomous driving, explainability…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Jessica Echterhoff , An Yan , Kyungtae Han , Amr Abdelraouf , Rohit Gupta , Julian McAuley

We introduce LAMPO, a novel paradigm that leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) for solving few-shot multi-class ordinal classification tasks. Unlike conventional methods, which concatenate all demonstration examples with the test instance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Zhen Qin , Junru Wu , Jiaming Shen , Tianqi Liu , Xuanhui Wang

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) aim to enhance interpretability by structuring predictions around human-understandable concepts. However, unintended information leakage, where predictive signals bypass the concept bottleneck, compromises…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Mikael Makonnen , Moritz Vandenhirtz , Sonia Laguna , Julia E Vogt

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) are interpretable models that predict the target variable through high-level human-understandable concepts, allowing users to intervene on mispredicted concepts to adjust the final output. While recent work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Wiktor Jan Hoffmann , Sonia Laguna , Moritz Vandenhirtz , Emanuele Palumbo , Julia E. Vogt

Concept bottleneck model (CBM) is a ubiquitous method that can interpret neural networks using concepts. In CBM, concepts are inserted between the output layer and the last intermediate layer as observable values. This helps in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-03-17 Naoki Hayashi , Yoshihide Sawada

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) use a set of human-interpretable concepts to predict the final task label, enabling domain experts to not only validate the CBM's predictions, but also intervene on incorrect concepts at test time. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Eric Enouen , Sainyam Galhotra

The increasing use of neural networks in various applications has lead to increasing apprehensions, underscoring the necessity to understand their operations beyond mere final predictions. As a solution to enhance model transparency,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Ivaxi Sheth , Samira Ebrahimi Kahou

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) and other concept-based interpretable models show great promise for making AI applications more transparent, which is essential in fields like medicine. Despite their success, we demonstrate that CBMs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Jessica Bader , Leander Girrbach , Stephan Alaniz , Zeynep Akata

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) propose to enhance the trustworthiness of AI systems by constraining their decisions on a set of human-understandable concepts. However, CBMs typically assume that datasets contain accurate concept labels-an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Emiliano Penaloza , Tianyue H. Zhang , Laurent Charlin , Mateo Espinosa Zarlenga