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Automatic security inspection using computer vision technology is a challenging task in real-world scenarios due to various factors, including intra-class variance, class imbalance, and occlusion. Most of the previous methods rarely solve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Boying Wang , Libo Zhang , Longyin Wen , Xianglong Liu , Yanjun Wu

In this paper, we present a large-scale dataset and establish a baseline for prohibited item discovery in Security Inspection X-ray images. Our dataset, named SIXray, consists of 1,059,231 X-ray images, in which 6 classes of 8,929…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-03 Caijing Miao , Lingxi Xie , Fang Wan , Chi Su , Hongye Liu , Jianbin Jiao , Qixiang Ye

Prohibited items detection in X-ray images often plays an important role in protecting public safety, which often deals with color-monotonous and luster-insufficient objects, resulting in unsatisfactory performance. Till now, there have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Renshuai Tao , Yanlu Wei , Xiangjian Jiang , Hainan Li , Haotong Qin , Jiakai Wang , Yuqing Ma , Libo Zhang , Xianglong Liu

Instance segmentation of prohibited items in security X-ray images is a critical yet challenging task. This is mainly caused by the significant appearance gap between prohibited items in X-ray images and natural objects, as well as the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Yunhan Ren , Ruihuang Li , Lingbo Liu , Changwen Chen

Automated X-ray inspection is crucial for efficient and unobtrusive security screening in various public settings. However, challenges such as object occlusion, variations in the physical properties of items, diversity in X-ray scanning…

Detecting prohibited items in X-ray security imagery is a challenging yet crucial task. With the rapid advancement of deep learning, object detection algorithms have been widely applied in this area. However, the distribution of object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Haoyu Wang , Renshuai Tao , Wei Wang , Yunchao Wei

Security inspection is X-ray scanning for personal belongings in suitcases, which is significantly important for the public security but highly time-consuming for human inspectors. Fortunately, deep learning has greatly promoted the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Renshuai Tao , Yanlu Wei , Hainan Li , Aishan Liu , Yifu Ding , Haotong Qin , Xianglong Liu

To detect prohibited items in challenging categories, human inspectors typically rely on images from two distinct views (vertical and side). Can AI detect prohibited items from dual-view X-ray images in the same way humans do? Existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Renshuai Tao , Haoyu Wang , Yuzhe Guo , Hairong Chen , Li Zhang , Xianglong Liu , Yunchao Wei , Yao Zhao

Identifying potential threats concealed within the baggage is of prime concern for the security staff. Many researchers have developed frameworks that can detect baggage threats from X-ray scans. However, to the best of our knowledge, all…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Taimur Hassan , Samet Akcay , Mohammed Bennamoun , Salman Khan , Naoufel Werghi

Automated detection of contraband items in X-ray images can significantly increase public safety, by enhancing the productivity and alleviating the mental load of security officers in airports, subways, customs/post offices, etc. The large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Georgios Batsis , Ioannis Mademlis , Georgios Th. Papadopoulos

In this paper, we address the problem of detecting small, dense, and overlapping objects, a major challenge in computer vision. Our focus is on reviewing proposed methods based on deep learning supervised approaches. We provide a detailed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Oussama Messai , Abbass Zein-Eddine , Abdelouahid Bentamou , Mickael Picq , Nicolas Duquesne , Stéphane Puydarrieux , Yann Gavet

Prohibited item detection in X-ray images is one of the most essential and highly effective methods widely employed in various security inspection scenarios. Considering the significant overlapping phenomenon in X-ray prohibited item…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Mingyuan Li , Tong Jia , Hao Wang , Bowen Ma , Shuyang Lin , Da Cai , Dongyue Chen

Automated systems designed for screening contraband items from the X-ray imagery are still facing difficulties with high clutter, concealment, and extreme occlusion. In this paper, we addressed this challenge using a novel multi-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Taimur Hassan , Samet Akcay , Mohammed Bennamoun , Salman Khan , Naoufel Werghi

Automatic detection of prohibited objects within passenger baggage is important for aviation security. X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) based 3D imaging is widely used in airports for aviation security screening whilst prior work on automatic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-05 Qian Wang , Neelanjan Bhowmik , Toby P. Breckon

Security inspection often deals with a piece of baggage or suitcase where objects are heavily overlapped with each other, resulting in an unsatisfactory performance for prohibited items detection in X-ray images. In the literature, there…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-14 Yanlu Wei , Renshuai Tao , Zhangjie Wu , Yuqing Ma , Libo Zhang , Xianglong Liu

Automated detection of contraband items in X-ray images can significantly increase public safety, by enhancing the productivity and alleviating the mental load of security officers in airports, subways, customs/post offices, etc. The large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Ioannis Mademlis , Georgios Batsis , Adamantia Anna Rebolledo Chrysochoou , Georgios Th. Papadopoulos

In the last two decades, baggage scanning has globally become one of the prime aviation security concerns. Manual screening of the baggage items is tedious, error-prone, and compromise privacy. Hence, many researchers have developed X-ray…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-16 Taimur Hassan , Samet Akcay , Mohammed Bennamoun , Salman Khan , Naoufel Werghi

Automatic X-ray prohibited item detection is vital for public safety. Existing deep learning-based methods all assume that the annotations of training X-ray images are correct. However, obtaining correct annotations is extremely hard if not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Ruikang Chen , Yan Yan , Jing-Hao Xue , Yang Lu , Hanzi Wang

In the last two decades, luggage scanning has globally become one of the prime aviation security concerns. Manual screening of the baggage items is a cumbersome, subjective and inefficient process. Hence, many researchers have developed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Taimur Hassan , Salman H. Khan , Samet Akcay , Mohammed Bennamoun , Naoufel Werghi

Humans detect real-world object anomalies by perceiving, interacting, and reasoning based on object-conditioned physical knowledge. The long-term goal of Industrial Anomaly Detection (IAD) is to enable machines to autonomously replicate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Wenqiao Li , Yao Gu , Xintao Chen , Xiaohao Xu , Ming Hu , Xiaonan Huang , Yingna Wu
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