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If the time evolution of a system can be understood classically, then there must exist an underlying probability distribution for the variables describing the system at all times. It is well known that for systems described by a single…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-09 J. J. Halliwell , C. Mawby

We demonstrate the first violation of the Leggett-Garg inequality and time-order noninvariance on public quantum computers using genuine noninvasive measurements. By gathering sufficiently large statistics, we have been able to violate…

The Leggett and Garg Inequality (LGI) is a test of the classical behaviour of an observed system, in the case of a single measurement channel monitored at different times. Here we report LGI violation in cognitive tasks consisting in the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2013-05-27 F. T. Arecchi , A. Farini , N. Megna

Quantum mechanics has always proven emphatically as one of the main cornerstones in all of science since its inception. Initially, it has also faced many skeptics from many scientific proponents of its complete description of reality.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-10-30 Kiran Sharma , Aryabrat Mahapatra , Prasanta K. Panigrahi , Sudhanwa Patra

The violation of J. Bell's inequality with two entangled and spatially separated quantum two- level systems (TLS) is often considered as the most prominent demonstration that nature does not obey ?local realism?. Under different but related…

Violations of the Leggett-Garg inequality (LGI) up to its algebraic bound under non-Hermitian dynamics are well established theoretically. Here, we demonstrate that such extreme violations are intrinsically fragile when realistic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-14 Sourav Paul , Parveen Kumar , Sourin Das

We study some aspects of the Leggett-Garg inequalities by using the operator-state formalism for multitime processes. The process tensor in its Choi-state form, which we call process state, is employed to investigate the Leggett-Garg…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-12 Zhiqiang Huang , Xiao-Kan Guo

Macroscopic realism, the classical world view that macroscopic objects exist independently of and are not influenced by measurements, is usually tested using Leggett-Garg inequalities. Recently, another necessary condition called…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-09 Lucas Clemente , Johannes Kofler

We demonstrate violation of objective realism in quantum world using unconstrained weak measurements. Instead of limited Leggett-Garg approach with artificial bounds on the observed values, we assume two identical and indepenent weak…

We study the fluctuations of the work performed on a driven quantum system, defined as the difference between subsequent measurements of energy eigenvalues. These work fluctuations are governed by statistical theorems with similar…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-19 Ralf Blattmann , Klaus Mølmer

The search for empirical schemes to evidence the nonclassicality of large masses is a central quest of current research. However, practical schemes to witness the irreducible quantumness of an arbitrarily large mass are still lacking. To…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-17 Debarshi Das , Dipankar Home , Hendrik Ulbricht , Sougato Bose

The violation of Leggett-Garg type inequalities (LGtIs) is studied on a two level atom, driven by an external field in the presence of a squeezed thermal reservoir. The violations are observed in the underdamped regime where the spontaneous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-08 Javid Naikoo , Subhashish Banerjee , Arun M. Jayannavar

Entropic Leggett-Garg inequality is studied in systems like neutrinos in the context of two and three flavor neutrino oscillations and in neutral $B_d$, $B_s$ and $K$ mesons. The neutrino dynamics is described with the matter effect taken…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-08-02 Javid Naikoo , Subhashish Banerjee

In 1985, Leggett and Garg (1985 Phys. Rev. Lett. 54 857) proposed a Bell-like inequality to test (in)compatibility between two fundamental concepts of quantum mechanics. The first concept is 'macroscopic realism', which is the quality of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-05-13 A M Souza , I S Oliveira , R S Sarthour

Quantum mechanics violates Leggett-Garg inequalities because the operator formalism predicts correlations between different spin components that would correspond to negative joint probabilities for the outcomes of joint measurements.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-20 Yutaro Suzuki , Masataka Iinuma , Holger F. Hofmann

We show that in some cases the coherent state can have a larger violation of the Leggett-Garg inequality (LGI) than the cat state by numerical calculations. To achieve this result, we consider the LGI of the cavity mode weakly coupled to a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-13 Hiroo Azuma , Masashi Ban

We propose a generalisation of the Leggett-Garg conditions for macrorealistic behaviour. Our proposal relies on relaxing the postulate of non-invasive measurability with that of retrievability of information. This leads to a strictly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Roope Uola , Erkka Haapasalo , Juha-Pekka Pellonpää , Tom Kuusela

We discuss a scheme for macrorealistic theories of the Leggett-Garg form [A. J. Leggett and A. Garg, Phys. Rev. Lett. 54, 857 (1985)]. Our scheme is based on a hybrid optomechanical system. It seems reasonable to test these inequalities…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-13 Marta Maria Marchese , Hannah McAleese , Angelo Bassi , Mauro Paternostro

Macrorealism is a characteristic feature of many, but not all, classical systems. It is known, for example, that classical light can violate a Leggett-Garg inequality and, hence, reject a macrorealist interpretation. A recent experiment has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-20 Brian R. La Cour

Tests of local realism and macrorealism have historically been discussed in very similar terms: Leggett-Garg inequalities follow Bell inequalities as necessary conditions for classical behavior. Here, we compare the probability polytopes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-22 Lucas Clemente , Johannes Kofler