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Related papers: CoLI-Machine Learning Approaches for Code-mixed La…

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Code-switching, also called code-mixing, is the linguistics phenomenon where in casual settings, multilingual speakers mix words from different languages in one utterance. Due to its spontaneous nature, code-switching is extremely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Shuyue Stella Li , Cihan Xiao , Tianjian Li , Bismarck Odoom

We present MaskLID, a simple, yet effective, code-switching (CS) language identification (LID) method. MaskLID does not require any training and is designed to complement current high-performance sentence-level LIDs. Sentence-level LIDs are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Amir Hossein Kargaran , François Yvon , Hinrich Schütze

The task of written language identification involves typically the detection of the languages present in a sample of text. Moreover, a sequence of text may not belong to a single inherent language but also may be mixture of text written in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Mohd Zeeshan Ansari , Tanvir Ahmad , Ana Fatima

Sentiment analysis has been an active area of research in the past two decades and recently, with the advent of social media, there has been an increasing demand for sentiment analysis on social media texts. Since the social media texts are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Sainik Kumar Mahata , Dipankar Das , Sivaji Bandyopadhyay

Multilingual large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in linguistically diverse regions like India, yet most interpretability tools remain tailored to English. Prior work reveals that LLMs often operate in English centric…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Mihir Panchal , Deeksha Varshney , Mamta , Asif Ekbal

While Indic NLP has made rapid advances recently in terms of the availability of corpora and pre-trained models, benchmark datasets on standard NLU tasks are limited. To this end, we introduce IndicXNLI, an NLI dataset for 11 Indic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-20 Divyanshu Aggarwal , Vivek Gupta , Anoop Kunchukuttan

Large Language Models are essential coding assistants, yet their training is predominantly English-centric. In this study, we evaluate the performance of code language models in non-English contexts, identifying challenges in their adoption…

Language identification (LID) is a fundamental step in curating multilingual corpora. However, LID models still perform poorly for many languages, especially on the noisy and heterogeneous web data often used to train multilingual language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Pedro Ortiz Suarez , Laurie Burchell , Catherine Arnett , Rafael Mosquera-Gómez , Sara Hincapie-Monsalve , Thom Vaughan , Damian Stewart , Malte Ostendorff , Idris Abdulmumin , Vukosi Marivate , Shamsuddeen Hassan Muhammad , Atnafu Lambebo Tonja , Hend Al-Khalifa , Nadia Ghezaiel Hammouda , Verrah Otiende , Tack Hwa Wong , Jakhongir Saydaliev , Melika Nobakhtian , Muhammad Ravi Shulthan Habibi , Chalamalasetti Kranti , Carol Muchemi , Khang Nguyen , Faisal Muhammad Adam , Luis Frentzen Salim , Reem Alqifari , Cynthia Amol , Joseph Marvin Imperial , Ilker Kesen , Ahmad Mustafid , Pavel Stepachev , Leshem Choshen , David Anugraha , Hamada Nayel , Seid Muhie Yimam , Vallerie Alexandra Putra , My Chiffon Nguyen , Azmine Toushik Wasi , Gouthami Vadithya , Rob van der Goot , Lanwenn ar C'horr , Karan Dua , Andrew Yates , Mithil Bangera , Yeshil Bangera , Hitesh Laxmichand Patel , Shu Okabe , Fenal Ashokbhai Ilasariya , Dmitry Gaynullin , Genta Indra Winata , Yiyuan Li , Juan Pablo Martínez , Amit Agarwal , Ikhlasul Akmal Hanif , Raia Abu Ahmad , Esther Adenuga , Filbert Aurelian Tjiaranata , Weerayut Buaphet , Michael Anugraha , Sowmya Vajjala , Benjamin Rice , Azril Hafizi Amirudin , Jesujoba O. Alabi , Srikant Panda , Yassine Toughrai , Bruhan Kyomuhendo , Daniel Ruffinelli , Akshata A , Manuel Goulão , Ej Zhou , Ingrid Gabriela Franco Ramirez , Cristina Aggazzotti , Konstantin Dobler , Jun Kevin , Quentin Pagès , Nicholas Andrews , Nuhu Ibrahim , Mattes Ruckdeschel , Amr Keleg , Mike Zhang , Casper Muziri , Saron Samuel , Sotaro Takeshita , Kun Kerdthaisong , Luca Foppiano , Rasul Dent , Tommaso Green , Ahmad Mustapha Wali , Kamohelo Makaaka , Vicky Feliren , Inshirah Idris , Hande Celikkanat , Abdulhamid Abubakar , Jean Maillard , Benoît Sagot , Thibault Clérice , Kenton Murray , Sarah Luger

Code-mixing is the practice of using two or more languages in a single sentence, which often occurs in multilingual communities such as India where people commonly speak multiple languages. Classic NLP tools, trained on monolingual data,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Shruti Jagdale , Omkar Khade , Gauri Takalikar , Mihir Inamdar , Raviraj Joshi

Code review is a crucial practice in software development. As code review nowadays is lightweight, various issues can be identified, and sometimes, they can be trivial. Research has investigated automated approaches to classify review…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Linh Nguyen , Chunhua Liu , Hong Yi Lin , Patanamon Thongtanunam

In this paper, we present a multi-lingual sentence encoder that can be used in search engines as a query and document encoder. This embedding enables a semantic similarity score between queries and documents that can be an important feature…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Mahdi Hajiaghayi , Monir Hajiaghayi , Mark Bolin

Large language models recall knowledge reliably in English but often fail on the same query posed in a lower-resourced language -- a crosslingual consistency gap that remains underexplored for Indian languages and their code-mixed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Debajyoti Mazumder , Divyansh Pathak , Prashant Kodali , Aditya Joshi , Akshay Agarwal , Jasabanta Patro

Stress is a common feeling in daily life, but it can affect mental well-being in some situations, the development of robust detection models is imperative. This study introduces a methodical approach to the stress identification in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 L. Ramos , M. Shahiki-Tash , Z. Ahani , A. Eponon , O. Kolesnikova , H. Calvo

Code-switching entails mixing multiple languages. It is an increasingly occurring phenomenon in social media texts. Usually, code-mixed texts are written in a single script, even though the languages involved have different scripts.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Niraj Pahari , Kazutaka Shimada

In many multilingual text classification problems, the documents in different languages often share the same set of categories. To reduce the labeling cost of training a classification model for each individual language, it is important to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Yuhong Guo , Min Xiao

Cross-lingual word embeddings (CLEs) enable multilingual modeling of meaning and facilitate cross-lingual transfer of NLP models. Despite their ubiquitous usage in downstream tasks, recent increasingly popular projection-based CLE models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-07 Goran Glavas , Robert Litschko , Sebastian Ruder , Ivan Vulic

The rise in the number of social media users has led to an increase in the hateful content posted online. In countries like India, where multiple languages are spoken, these abhorrent posts are from an unusual blend of code-switched…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Kshitij Rajput , Raghav Kapoor , Kaushal Rai , Preeti Kaur

The Marathi language is one of the prominent languages used in India. It is predominantly spoken by the people of Maharashtra. Over the past decade, the usage of language on online platforms has tremendously increased. However, research on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Atharva Kulkarni , Meet Mandhane , Manali Likhitkar , Gayatri Kshirsagar , Jayashree Jagdale , Raviraj Joshi

The language identification task is a crucial fundamental step in NLP. Often it serves as a pre-processing step for widely used NLP applications such as multilingual machine translation, information retrieval, question and answering, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Yash Ingle , Pruthwik Mishra

Social networking platforms provide a conduit to disseminate our ideas, views and thoughts and proliferate information. This has led to the amalgamation of English with natively spoken languages. Prevalence of Hindi-English code-mixed data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Ananya Srivastava , Mohammed Hasan , Bhargav Yagnik , Rahee Walambe , Ketan Kotecha