English
Related papers

Related papers: Closed-form analytic expressions for shadow estima…

200 papers

We investigate the boundary between classical and quantum computational power. This work consists of two parts. First we develop new classical simulation algorithms that are centered on sampling methods. Using these techniques we generate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-20 M. Van den Nest

The goal of benchmarking is to determine how far the output of a noisy system is from its ideal behavior; this becomes exceedingly difficult for large quantum systems where classical simulations become intractable. A common approach is to…

We introduce an open-source software library Graphix, which optimizes and simulates measurement-based quantum computation (MBQC). By combining the measurement calculus with an efficient graph state simulator, Graphix allows the classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-23 Shinichi Sunami , Masato Fukushima

Estimation of the expectation value of observables is a key subroutine in quantum computing and is also the bottleneck of the performance of many near-term quantum algorithms. Many works have been proposed to reduce the number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-05 Zi-Jian Zhang , Kouhei Nakaji , Matthew Choi , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

Learning dynamics from repeated observation of the time evolution of an open quantum system, namely, the problem of quantum process tomography is an important task. This task is difficult in general, but, with some additional constraints…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-25 Atithi Acharya , Siddhartha Saha , Shagesh Sridharan , Yanis Bahroun , Anirvan M. Sengupta

Extracting information from quantum systems is crucial in quantum physics and information processing. Methods based on randomized measurements, like shadow estimation, show advantages in effectively achieving such tasks. However, randomized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-10 Zhou You , Qing Liu , You Zhou

We experimentally demonstrate local robust shadows on a trapped-ion quantum computing system, a protocol developed to counteract measurement errors. We alternate between a calibration stage and the shadow estimation stage and also introduce…

We introduce a post-processing technique for classical shadow measurement data that enhances the precision of ground state estimation through high-dimensional subspace expansion; the dimensionality is only limited by the amount of classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-18 Gregory Boyd , Bálint Koczor , Zhenyu Cai

In this paper we start from a basic notion of process, which we structure into two groupoids, one orthogonal and one symplectic. By introducing additional structure, we convert these groupoids into orthogonal and symplectic Clifford…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-11-12 B. J. Hiley

We use our Clifford algebra technique, that is nilpotents and projectors which are binomials of the Clifford algebra objects $\gamma^a$ with the property $\{\gamma^a,\gamma^b\}_+ = 2 \eta^{ab}$, for representing quantum gates and quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. Gregoric , N. S. Mankoc Borstnik

We present an algorithm, along with its implementation that finds T-optimal approximations of single-qubit Z-rotations using quantum circuits consisting of Clifford and T gates. Our algorithm is capable of handling errors in approximation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-30 Vadym Kliuchnikov , Dmitri Maslov , Michele Mosca

Standard randomized benchmarking protocols entail sampling from a unitary 2 design, which is not always practical. In this article we examine randomized benchmarking protocols based on subgroups of the Clifford group that are not unitary 2…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-20 Winton G. Brown , Bryan Eastin

Several classes of quantum circuits have been shown to provide a quantum computational advantage under certain assumptions. The study of ever more restricted classes of quantum circuits capable of quantum advantage is motivated by possible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-10 Michael de Oliveira , Luís S. Barbosa , Ernesto F. Galvão

Estimating the fidelity between an unknown quantum state and a fixed target is a fundamental task in quantum information science. Direct fidelity estimation (DFE) enables this without full tomography by sampling observables according to a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-12 Hyunho Cha , Sangwoo Hong , Jungwoo Lee

We give the first tight sample complexity bounds for shadow tomography and classical shadows in the regime where the target error is below some sufficiently small inverse polynomial in the dimension of the Hilbert space. Formally we give a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-22 Sitan Chen , Jerry Li , Allen Liu

It is straightforward to give a sum-over-paths expression for the transition amplitudes of a quantum circuit as long as the gates in the circuit are balanced, where to be balanced is to have all nonzero transition amplitudes of equal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-15 Mark D. Penney , Dax Enshan Koh , Robert W. Spekkens

Efficient verification of the functioning of quantum devices is a key to the development of quantum technologies, but is a daunting task as the system size increases. Here we propose a simple and general framework for verifying unitary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-17 Huangjun Zhu , Haoyu Zhang

A major challenge in developing quantum computing technologies is to accomplish high precision tasks by utilizing multiplex optimization approaches, on both the physical system and algorithm levels. Loss functions assessing the overall…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-03 Zhen Wang , Yanzhu Chen , Zixuan Song , Dayue Qin , Hekang Li , Qiujiang Guo , H. Wang , Chao Song , Ying Li

We introduce a framework for the formal specification and verification of quantum circuits based on the Feynman path integral. Our formalism, built around exponential sums of polynomial functions, provides a structured and natural way of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-30 Matthew Amy

Classical data encoding is usually treated as a black-box in the oracle-based quantum algorithms. On the other hand, their constructions are crucial for practical algorithm implementations. Here, we open the black-boxes of data encoding and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-30 Xiao-Ming Zhang , Xiao Yuan