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Quantum networks distributed over distances greater than a few kilometers will be limited by the time required for information to propagate between nodes. We analyze protocols that are able to circumvent this bottleneck by employing…

The coherent transduction between microwave and optical frequencies is critical to interconnect superconducting quantum processors over long distances. However, it is challenging to establish such a quantum interface with high efficiency…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-16 Jing Wu , Chaohan Cui , Linran Fan , Quntao Zhuang

We develop a multi-port-backscatter-modulation technique to determine, over the air (OTA), the scattering parameters of a linear, passive, time-invariant multi-port device under test (DUT). A set of "not-directly-accessible" (NDA) antennas…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-07-18 Philipp del Hougne

Coherent microwave-to-optical conversion is crucial for transferring quantum information generated in the microwave domain to optical frequencies, where propagation losses can be minimised. Among the various physical platforms that have…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2023-12-06 Benjamin D. Smith , Bahar Babaei , Andal Narayanan , Lindsay J. LeBlanc

Quantum networks entangle remote nodes by distributing quantum states, which inevitably suffer from decoherence while traversing quantum channels. Pertinent decoherence mechanisms govern the channel capacity, its reach, and the quality and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-08 Daniel E. Jones , Brian T. Kirby , Michael Brodsky

We analyze the autonomous stabilization of remote entanglement by driving two distant qubits with the output of a correlated photon source. By treating the qubits as idealized entanglement detectors, we develop a general framework to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-18 Philippe Gigon , Adrian Parra-Rodriguez , Joan Agustí , Peter Rabl

Quantum transduction refers to the coherent conversion between microwave and optical states, which can be achieved by quantum teleportation if given high fidelity microwave-optical entanglement, namely entanglement-based quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-10 Changchun Zhong , Xu Han , Liang Jiang

A quantum network distributes quantum entanglements between remote nodes, and is key to many applications in secure communication, quantum sensing and distributed quantum computing. This paper explores the fundamental trade-off between the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Huayue Gu , Zhouyu Li , Ruozhou Yu , Xiaojian Wang , Fangtong Zhou , Jianqing Liu , Guoliang Xue

We discuss the implementation of optical quantum networks where the interface between stationary and photonic qubits is realized by optomechanical transducers [K. Stannigel et al., PRL 105, 220501 (2010)]. This approach does not rely on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-01-04 K. Stannigel , P. Rabl , A. S. Sørensen , M. D. Lukin , P. Zoller

We have realized a hybrid solid-state quantum device in which a single-electron semiconductor double quantum dot is dipole coupled to a superconducting microwave frequency transmission line resonator. The dipolar interaction between the two…

The tunable interaction between stationary quantum bits and propagating modes of light allows for the encoding of quantum information in the state of itinerant photons. This ability fulfills a central requirement for quantum networking,…

Using a shared microwave resonator, we propose a transduction scheme between superconducting qubits and qubit states encoded in the low-lying internal levels of trapped atomic systems. The approach employs atomic Rydberg levels together…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-18 Fernando L. Semião , Matthias Keller

Distributing entanglement over long distances remains a challenge due to its fragility when exposed to environmental effects. In this work, we compare various entanglement distribution protocols in a realistic noisy fiber network. We focus…

Long distance transmission of quantum information is a central ingredient of distributed quantum information processors for both computing and secure communication. Transmission between superconducting/solid-state quantum processors…

In superconducting electronics, the ability to control the frequency of microwave wave packets is crucial for several applications, such as the operation of superconducting quantum processors and the readout of superconducting sensors. We…

We investigate entanglement distribution in pure-state quantum networks. We consider the case when non-maximally entangled two-qubit pure states are shared by neighboring nodes of the network. For a given pair of nodes, we investigate how…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-01-19 S. Perseguers , J. Wehr , A. Acin , M. Lewenstein , J. I. Cirac

A future quantum network will consist of quantum processors that are connected by quantum channels, just like conventional computers are wired up to form the Internet. In contrast to classical devices, however, the entanglement and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-28 Andreas Reiserer

Quantum information technology has the potential to revolutionize computing, communications, and security. To fully realize its potential, quantum processors with millions of qubits are needed, which is still far from being accomplished.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-12 Nicholas Skjellum , Mohamed Shaban , Muhammad Ismail

Path entanglement constitutes an essential resource in quantum information and communication protocols. Here, we demonstrate frequency-degenerate entanglement between continuous-variable quantum microwaves propagating along two spatially…

Reconfigurable distribution of entangled states is essential for operation of quantum networks connecting multiple devices such as quantum memories and quantum computers. We introduce new quantum distribution network architecture enabling…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-05 Shuto Osawa , David S. Simon , Vladimir S. Malinovsky , Alexander V. Sergienko
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