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Utility companies increasingly rely on drone imagery for post-event and routine inspection, but training accurate defect-type classifiers remains difficult because defect examples are rare and inspection datasets are often limited or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Xuesong Wang , Caisheng Wang

The success of deep learning-based generative models in producing realistic images, videos, and audios has led to a crucial consideration: how to effectively assess the quality of synthetic samples. While the Fr\'{e}chet Inception Distance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Yang Chen , Dustin J. Kempton , Rafal A. Angryk

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has been widely utilized in the field of materials science due to its significant advantages, such as large depth of field, wide field of view, and excellent stereoscopic imaging. However, at high…

The use of machine learning (ML) methods for development of robust and flexible visual inspection system has shown promising. However their performance is highly dependent on the amount and diversity of training data. This is often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Juraj Fulir , Natascha Jeziorski , Lovro Bosnar , Hans Hagen , Claudia Redenbach , Petra Gospodnetić , Tobias Herrfurth , Marcus Trost , Thomas Gischkat

The reconstruction of 3D microstructures from 2D slices is considered to hold significant value in predicting the spatial structure and physical properties of materials.The dimensional extension from 2D to 3D is viewed as a highly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Yilin Zheng , Zhigong Song

Next-generation ground-based solar observations require good image quality metrics for post-facto processing techniques. Based on the assumption that texture features in solar images are multi-fractal which can be extracted by a trained…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-09 Yi Huang , Peng Jia , Dongmei Cai , Bojun Cai

Evaluating the realism of generated images remains a fundamental challenge in generative modeling. Existing distributional metrics such as the Frechet Inception Distance (FID) and CLIP-MMD (CMMD) compare feature distributions at a semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Joé Napolitano , Pascal Nguyen

Generative models have made immense progress in recent years, particularly in their ability to generate high quality images. However, that quality has been difficult to evaluate rigorously, with evaluation dominated by heuristic approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Y. Alex Kolchinski , Sharon Zhou , Shengjia Zhao , Mitchell Gordon , Stefano Ermon

Precision in identifying nanometer-scale device-killer defects is crucial in both semiconductor research and development as well as in production processes. The effectiveness of existing ML-based approaches in this context is largely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Bappaditya Dey , Vic De Ridder , Victor Blanco , Sandip Halder , Bartel Van Waeyenberge

Advances in instrumentation and computation have enabled increasingly sophisticated tomographic reconstruction methods. However, existing evaluation practices -- often based on simple phantoms and global image metrics -- are limited in…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-04-06 Anna Frixou , Theodoros Leontiou , Efstathios Stiliaris , Costas N. Papanicolas

The increasing realism of synthetic images generated by advanced models such as VAEs, GANs, and LDMs poses significant challenges for synthetic image detection. To address this issue, we explore two artifact types introduced during the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Shuqiao Liang , Jian Liu , Renzhang Chen , Quanlong Guan

The rapid advancement of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) necessitates the need to robustly evaluate these models. Among the established evaluation criteria, the Fr\'{e}chetInception Distance (FID) has been widely adopted due to its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Lorenzo Luzi , Helen Jenne , Ryan Murray , Carlos Ortiz Marrero

A good metric, which promises a reliable comparison between solutions, is essential for any well-defined task. Unlike most vision tasks that have per-sample ground-truth, image synthesis tasks target generating unseen data and hence are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Mengping Yang , Ceyuan Yang , Yichi Zhang , Qingyan Bai , Yujun Shen , Bo Dai

We investigate methods of microstructure representation for the purpose of predicting processing condition from microstructure image data. A binary alloy (uranium-molybdenum) that is currently under development as a nuclear fuel was studied…

Determining whether two sets of images belong to the same or different distributions or domains is a crucial task in modern medical image analysis and deep learning; for example, to evaluate the output quality of image generative models.…

The ability to automatically estimate the quality and coverage of the samples produced by a generative model is a vital requirement for driving algorithm research. We present an evaluation metric that can separately and reliably measure…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-31 Tuomas Kynkäänniemi , Tero Karras , Samuli Laine , Jaakko Lehtinen , Timo Aila

A growing need exists for efficient and accurate methods for detecting defects in semiconductor materials and devices. These defects can have a detrimental impact on the efficiency of the manufacturing process, because they cause critical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Thibault Lechien , Enrique Dehaerne , Bappaditya Dey , Victor Blanco , Sandip Halder , Stefan De Gendt , Wannes Meert

In image generation, generative models can be evaluated naturally by visually inspecting model outputs. However, this is not always the case for graph generative models (GGMs), making their evaluation challenging. Currently, the standard…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-29 Rylee Thompson , Boris Knyazev , Elahe Ghalebi , Jungtaek Kim , Graham W. Taylor

Histopathology image classification is crucial for the accurate identification and diagnosis of various diseases but requires large and diverse datasets. Obtaining such datasets, however, is often costly and time-consuming due to the need…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Leire Benito-Del-Valle , Aitor Alvarez-Gila , Itziar Eguskiza , Cristina L. Saratxaga

Synthesizing realistic medical images provides a feasible solution to the shortage of training data in deep learning based medical image recognition systems. However, the quality control of synthetic images for data augmentation purposes is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-27 Jiarong Ye , Yuan Xue , L. Rodney Long , Sameer Antani , Zhiyun Xue , Keith Cheng , Xiaolei Huang