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Related papers: Why Deep Learning Generalizes

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When capturing and storing images, devices inevitably introduce noise. Reducing this noise is a critical task called image denoising. Deep learning has become the de facto method for image denoising, especially with the emergence of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Haoyu Chen , Jinjin Gu , Yihao Liu , Salma Abdel Magid , Chao Dong , Qiong Wang , Hanspeter Pfister , Lei Zhu

Humans have a remarkably large capacity to store detailed visual information in long-term memory even after a single exposure, as demonstrated by classic experiments in psychology. For example, Standing (1973) showed that humans could…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-25 A. Emin Orhan

Background: It is still an open research area to theoretically understand why Deep Neural Networks (DNNs)---equipped with many more parameters than training data and trained by (stochastic) gradient-based methods---often achieve remarkably…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-30 Zhiqin John Xu

This dissertation studies a fundamental open challenge in deep learning theory: why do deep networks generalize well even while being overparameterized, unregularized and fitting the training data to zero error? In the first part of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Vaishnavh Nagarajan

The ability of deep neural networks to generalize well in the overparameterized regime has become a subject of significant research interest. We show that overparameterized autoencoders exhibit memorization, a form of inductive bias that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Adityanarayanan Radhakrishnan , Karren Yang , Mikhail Belkin , Caroline Uhler

Generative neural networks learn how to produce highly realistic images from a large, but finite number of examples - or do they simply memorise their training set? To settle this question, Kadkhodaie, Guth, Simoncelli and Mallat (ICLR '24)…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-21 Antoine Maillard , Sebastian Goldt

The impressive generalization performance of modern neural networks is attributed in part to their ability to implicitly memorize complex training patterns. Inspired by this, we explore a novel mechanism to improve model generalization via…

Gradient-based deep-learning algorithms exhibit remarkable performance in practice, but it is not well-understood why they are able to generalize despite having more parameters than training examples. It is believed that implicit bias is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Gal Vardi

Domain generalization is the problem of machine learning when the training data and the test data come from different data domains. We present a simple theoretical model of learning to generalize across domains in which there is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-14 Vikas K. Garg , Adam Kalai , Katrina Ligett , Zhiwei Steven Wu

Despite their wide adoption, the underlying training and memorization dynamics of very large language models is not well understood. We empirically study exact memorization in causal and masked language modeling, across model sizes and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Kushal Tirumala , Aram H. Markosyan , Luke Zettlemoyer , Armen Aghajanyan

Recent advances in deep generative models have led to impressive results in a variety of application domains. Motivated by the possibility that deep learning models might memorize part of the input data, there have been increased efforts to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Gerrit J. J. van den Burg , Christopher K. I. Williams

Practitioners frequently observe that pruning improves model generalization. A long-standing hypothesis based on bias-variance trade-off attributes this generalization improvement to model size reduction. However, recent studies on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Tian Jin , Michael Carbin , Daniel M. Roy , Jonathan Frankle , Gintare Karolina Dziugaite

We show that a variety of modern deep learning tasks exhibit a "double-descent" phenomenon where, as we increase model size, performance first gets worse and then gets better. Moreover, we show that double descent occurs not just as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-06 Preetum Nakkiran , Gal Kaplun , Yamini Bansal , Tristan Yang , Boaz Barak , Ilya Sutskever

Overfitting negatively impacts the generalization ability of deep neural networks (DNNs) in both natural and adversarial training. Existing methods struggle to consistently address different types of overfitting, typically designing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Runqi Lin , Chaojian Yu , Bo Han , Tongliang Liu

Classical learning theory suggests that the optimal generalization performance of a machine learning model should occur at an intermediate model complexity, with simpler models exhibiting high bias and more complex models exhibiting high…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-11-09 Ben Adlam , Jeffrey Pennington

Deep neural networks trained on a wide range of datasets demonstrate impressive transferability. Deep features appear general in that they are applicable to many datasets and tasks. Such property is in prevalent use in real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-27 Hong Liu , Mingsheng Long , Jianmin Wang , Michael I. Jordan

In gradient descent, changing how we parametrize the model can lead to drastically different optimization trajectories, giving rise to a surprising range of meaningful inductive biases: identifying sparse classifiers or reconstructing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-24 Anna Kerekes , Anna Mészáros , Ferenc Huszár

Deep neural networks perform exceptionally well on various learning tasks with state-of-the-art results. While these models are highly expressive and achieve impressively accurate solutions with excellent generalization abilities, they are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Oriel BenShmuel

The notion of neural collapse refers to several emergent phenomena that have been empirically observed across various canonical classification problems. During the terminal phase of training a deep neural network, the feature embedding of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Duc Anh Nguyen , Ron Levie , Julian Lienen , Gitta Kutyniok , Eyke Hüllermeier

Deep metric learning is often used to learn an embedding function that captures the semantic differences within a dataset. A key factor in many problem domains is how this embedding generalizes to new classes of data. In observing many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-18 Xiaotong Liu , Hong Xuan , Zeyu Zhang , Abby Stylianou , Robert Pless