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We present a reformulation of optimization problems over the Stiefel manifold by using a Cayley-type transform, named the generalized left-localized Cayley transform, for the Stiefel manifold. The reformulated optimization problem is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-12-05 Kieta Kume , Isao Yamada

We propose an extremely versatile approach to address a large family of matrix nearness problems, possibly with additional linear constraints. Our method is based on splitting a matrix nearness problem into two nested optimization problems,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-14 Miryam Gnazzo , Vanni Noferini , Lauri Nyman , Federico Poloni

Decentralized optimization provides a fundamental framework for large-scale learning and signal processing with distributed data. We study decentralized optimization with orthogonality constraints on the Stiefel manifold and propose…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-29 Shu Li , Jiang Hu

Orthogonality constraints naturally appear in many machine learning problems, from principal component analysis to robust neural network training. They are usually solved using Riemannian optimization algorithms, which minimize the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-08 Pierre Ablin , Simon Vary , Bin Gao , P. -A. Absil

The minimax optimization over Riemannian manifolds (possibly nonconvex constraints) has been actively applied to solve many problems, such as robust dimensionality reduction and deep neural networks with orthogonal weights (Stiefel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Xidong Wu , Zhengmian Hu , Heng Huang

We investigate the minimization of a quadratic function over Stiefel manifolds (the set of all orthogonal $r$- frames in $\mathbf{R}^n$), which has applications in high-dimensional semi-supervised classification tasks. To reduce the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-15 Pengwen Chen , Chung-Kuan Cheng , Chester Holtz

We address the non-convex optimisation problem of finding a sparse matrix on the Stiefel manifold (matrices with mutually orthogonal columns of unit length) that maximises (or minimises) a quadratic objective function. Optimisation problems…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-10-04 Florian Bernard , Daniel Cremers , Johan Thunberg

We propose a new algorithm to solve optimization problems of the form $\min f(X)$ for a smooth function $f$ under the constraints that $X$ is positive semidefinite and the diagonal blocks of $X$ are small identity matrices. Such problems…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-01-07 Nicolas Boumal

We consider optimization problems over the Stiefel manifold whose objective function is the summation of a smooth function and a nonsmooth function. Existing methods for solving this kind of problems can be classified into three classes.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-05-14 Shixiang Chen , Shiqian Ma , Anthony Man-Cho So , Tong Zhang

This paper investigates the optimal $H_2$ model order reduction for linear systems with quadratic outputs. In the framework of Galerkin projection, we first formulate the optimal $H_2$ MOR as an unconstrained Riemannian optimization problem…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-16 Xiaolong Wang , Tongtu Tian

This paper focus on the minimization of a possibly nonsmooth objective function over the Stiefel manifold. The existing approaches either lack efficiency or can only tackle prox-friendly objective functions. We propose a constraint…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-01-23 Xiaoyin Hu , Nachuan Xiao , Xin Liu , Kim-Chuan Toh

This paper focuses on a class of binary orthogonal optimization problems frequently arising in semantic hashing. Consider that this class of problems may have an empty feasible set, rendering them not well-defined. We introduce an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-09 Lianghai Xiao , Yitian Qian , Shaohua Pan

Riemannian geometry provides the fundamental framework for optimization on nonlinear spaces such as matrix manifolds, which arise in machine learning, signal processing, and robotics. While the underlying theory is classical, existing…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-05-05 Benyamin Ghojogh

This paper analyzes the contraction of the primal-dual gradient optimization via contraction theory in the context of discrete-time updating dynamics. The contraction theory based on Riemannian manifolds is first established for convergence…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-07-25 Yanxu Su , Yang Shi , Changyin Sun

The joint approximate diagonalization of non-commuting symmetric matrices is an important process in independent component analysis. This problem can be formulated as an optimization problem on the Stiefel manifold that can be solved using…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-02-28 Hiroyuki Sato

Representing images and videos with Symmetric Positive Definite (SPD) matrices, and considering the Riemannian geometry of the resulting space, has been shown to yield high discriminative power in many visual recognition tasks.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-05-23 Mehrtash Harandi , Mathieu Salzmann , Richard Hartley

After reviewing manifold optimization techniques in applications like MIMO communication systems, phased array beamforming, radar, and control theory, we observed that the Complex Circle Manifold (CCM) is widely employed, yet its…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-12 Amirreza Tabrizi , Mohammad Hadi Mirmohammadi

In the Euclidean setting, the proximal gradient method and its accelerated variants are a class of efficient algorithms for optimization problems with decomposable objective. In this paper, we develop a Riemannian proximal gradient method…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-01 Wen Huang , Ke Wei

In this paper, we consider a class of optimization problems constrained to the generalized Stiefel manifold. Such problems are fundamental to a wide range of real-world applications, including generalized canonical correlation analysis,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-06 Linshuo Jiang , Nachuan Xiao , Xin Liu

This paper proposes a general framework of Riemannian adaptive optimization methods. The framework encapsulates several stochastic optimization algorithms on Riemannian manifolds and incorporates the mini-batch strategy that is often used…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-02-14 Hiroyuki Sakai , Hideaki Iiduka