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In this work, we present a hybrid numerical method for solving evolution partial differential equations (PDEs) by merging the time finite element method with deep neural networks. In contrast to the conventional deep learning-based…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-09-05 Xiaodong Feng , Haojiong Shangguan , Tao Tang , Xiaoliang Wan , Tao Zhou

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are an increasingly powerful way to solve partial differential equations, generate digital twins, and create neural surrogates of physical models. In this manuscript we detail the inner workings of…

This paper explores the difficulties in solving partial differential equations (PDEs) using physics-informed neural networks (PINNs). PINNs use physics as a regularization term in the objective function. However, a drawback of this approach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Shamsulhaq Basir

The accurate representation of numerous physical, chemical, and biological processes relies heavily on differential equations (DEs), particularly nonlinear differential equations (NDEs). While understanding these complex systems…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-17 Mara Martinez , B. Veena S. N. Rao , S. M. Mallikarjunaiah

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are promising to replace conventional partial differential equation (PDE) solvers by offering more accurate and flexible PDE solutions. However, they are hampered by the relatively slow convergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Mohammad H. Taufik , Tariq Alkhalifah

Deep learning-based partial differential equation(PDE) solvers have received much attention in the past few years. Methods of this category can solve a wide range of PDEs with high accuracy, typically by transforming the problems into…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-23 Ramesh Chandra Sau , Luowei Yin

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are capable of finding the solution for a given boundary value problem. We employ several ideas from the finite element method (FEM) to enhance the performance of existing PINNs in engineering…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Shahed Rezaei , Ali Harandi , Ahmad Moeineddin , Bai-Xiang Xu , Stefanie Reese

I provide an introduction to the application of deep learning and neural networks for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). The approach, known as physics-informed neural networks (PINNs), involves minimizing the residual of the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-03-04 Hubert Baty

Many types of physics-informed neural network models have been proposed in recent years as approaches for learning solutions to differential equations. When a particular task requires solving a differential equation at multiple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Filipe de Avila Belbute-Peres , Yi-fan Chen , Fei Sha

Physics-informed neural network (PINN) is a data-driven solver for partial and ordinary differential equations(ODEs/PDEs). It provides a unified framework to address both forward and inverse problems. However, the complexity of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Abdul Hannan Mustajab , Hao Lyu , Zarghaam Rizvi , Frank Wuttke

We employ adaptive activation functions for regression in deep and physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) to approximate smooth and discontinuous functions as well as solutions of linear and nonlinear partial differential equations. In…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-01-29 Ameya D. Jagtap , George Em Karniadakis

Physics-informed deep learning has emerged as a promising framework for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). Nevertheless, training these models on complex problems remains challenging, often leading to limited accuracy and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-13 Wenqian Chen , Amanda Howard , Panos Stinis

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are extensively employed to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) by ensuring that the outputs and gradients of deep learning models adhere to the governing equations. However, constrained by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Chenhao Si , Ming Yan

We propose a new semi-analytic physics informed neural network (PINN) to solve singularly perturbed boundary value problems. The PINN is a scientific machine learning framework that offers a promising perspective for finding numerical…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-08-22 Gung-Min Gie , Youngjoon Hong , Chang-Yeol Jung

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are known to suffer from optimization difficulty. In this work, we reveal the connection between the optimization difficulty of PINNs and activation functions. Specifically, we show that PINNs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Honghui Wang , Lu Lu , Shiji Song , Gao Huang

In recent engineering applications using deep learning, physics-informed neural network (PINN) is a new development as it can exploit the underlying physics of engineering systems. The novelty of PINN lies in the use of partial differential…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Kart Leong Lim , Rahul Dutta , Mihai Rotaru

Physics-informed neural network (PINN) is a powerful emerging method for studying forward-inverse problems of partial differential equations (PDEs), even from limited sample data. Variable coefficient PDEs, which model real-world phenomena,…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-03-07 Hui-Juan Zhou , Yong Chen

Constructing first-principles models is usually a challenging and time-consuming task due to the complexity of the real-life processes. On the other hand, data-driven modeling, and in particular neural network models often suffer from…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-02-03 Ece S. Koksal , Erdal Aydin

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) [4, 10] are an approach for solving boundary value problems based on differential equations (PDEs). The key idea of PINNs is to use a neural network to approximate the solution to the PDE and to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-05-23 Victorita Dolean , Alexander Heinlein , Siddhartha Mishra , Ben Moseley

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have become a prominent application of deep learning in scientific computation, as they are powerful approximators of solutions to nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs). There have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Hwijae Son , Sung Woong Cho , Hyung Ju Hwang