Related papers: Determining Optimal Combination Regimens for Patie…
In placebo-controlled randomized trials, the post-randomization use of concomitant medications may be higher in the placebo arm than in the treatment arm. This may dilute the full benefits of the randomized drug as estimated by the…
We consider the problem of selecting the optimal subgroup to treat when data on covariates is available from a randomized trial or observational study. We distinguish between four different settings including (i) treatment selection when…
Matching estimators for average treatment effects are widely used in the binary treatment setting, in which missing potential outcomes are imputed as the average of observed outcomes of all matches for each unit. With more than two…
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations allow investigating the structural dynamics of biomolecular systems with unrivaled time and space resolution. However, in order to compensate for the inaccuracies of the utilized empirical force fields,…
Personalizing combination therapies in oncology requires navigating an immense space of possible drug and dose combinations, a task that remains largely infeasible through exhaustive experimentation. Recent developments in patient-derived…
Significant evidence has become available that emphasizes the importance of personalization in medicine. In fact, it has become a common belief that personalized medicine is the future of medicine. The core of personalized medicine is the…
Chemotherapy is one of the most important therapeutic options used to treat human cancers, either alone or in combination with radiation therapy and surgery. Recent studies have indicated that intra-tumoural heterogeneity has a significant…
Agent-based simulation with a synthetic population can help us compare different treatment conditions while keeping everything else constant within the same population (i.e., as digital twins). Such population-scale simulations require…
Patients with rare types of melanoma such as acral, mucosal, or uveal melanoma, have lower survival rates than patients with cutaneous melanoma; these lower survival rates reflect the lower objective response rates to immunotherapy compared…
This paper proposes a general framework for probabilistic certification of cancer therapies. The certification is defined in terms of two key issues which are the tumor contraction and the lower admissible bound on the circulating…
The primary objective of phase I oncology studies is to establish the safety profile of a new treatment and determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). This is motivated by the development of cytotoxic agents based on the underlying…
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and potentially highly disabling disease that can cause permanent damage and deterioration of the central nervous system. In Europe it is the leading cause of non-traumatic disabilities in young adults,…
Prognosis on the occurrence of relapses in individuals with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS), the most common subtype of Multiple Sclerosis (MS), could support individualized decisions and disease management and could be…
Drug combination trials are increasingly common nowadays in clinical research. However, very few methods have been developed to consider toxicity attributions in the dose escalation process. We are motivated by a trial in which the…
The paper presents an investigation of estimating treatment effect using different matching methods. The study proposed a new method which is computationally efficient and convenient in implication-'largest caliper matching' and compared…
A large fraction of total healthcare expenditure occurs due to end-of-life (EOL) care, which means it is important to study the problem of more carefully incentivizing necessary versus unnecessary EOL care because this has the potential to…
We provide an overview of an optimal control problem within a stochastic model of tumor growth, which includes drug application. The model comprises two stochastic differential equations (SDE) representing the diffusion of nutrient and drug…
Radiation therapy is one of the most common cancer treatments, and dose optimization and targeting of radiation are crucial since both cancerous and healthy cells are affected. Different mathematical and computational approaches have been…
We propose an adaptive design for early phase drug combination cancer trials with the goal of estimating the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). A nonparametric Bayesian model, using beta priors truncated to the set of partially ordered dose…
We consider an optimal control problem for a diffuse interface model of tumor growth. The state equations couples a Cahn-Hilliard equation and a reaction-diffusion equation, which models the growth of a tumor in the presence of a nutrient…