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Efficient simulation of many-body quantum systems is central to advances in physics, chemistry, and quantum computing, with a key question being whether the simulation cost scales polynomially with the system size. In this work, we analyze…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-31 Di Fang , Xiaoxu Wu , Avy Soffer

Digital-analog quantum computation aims to reduce the currently infeasible resource requirements needed for near-term quantum information processing by replacing sequences of one- and two-qubit gates with a unitary transformation generated…

Trotter product formulas are a natural and powerful approach to perform quantum simulation. However, the error analysis of product formulas is challenging, and their cost is often overestimated. It is established that Trotter error can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-14 Nick S. Blunt , Aleksei V. Ivanov , Andreas Juul Bay-Smidt

Simulation of quantum systems is notoriously challenging for classical computers, while quantum hardware is naturally well-suited for this task. However, the imperfections of contemporary quantum systems poses a considerable challenge in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-10 Yotam Shapira , Jovan Markov , Nitzan Akerman , Ady Stern , Roee Ozeri

Solving partial differential equations for extremely large-scale systems within a feasible computation time serves in accelerating engineering developments. Quantum computing algorithms, particularly the Hamiltonian simulations, present a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-10 Yuki Sato , Ruho Kondo , Ikko Hamamura , Tamiya Onodera , Naoki Yamamoto

In fault-tolerant quantum computing, the cost of calculating Hamiltonian eigenvalues using the quantum phase estimation algorithm is proportional to the constant scaling the Hamiltonian matrix block-encoded in a unitary circuit. We present…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-03 Konrad Deka , Emil Zak

Digital quantum simulation is a promising application for quantum computers. Their free programmability provides the potential to simulate the unitary evolution of any many-body Hamiltonian with bounded spectrum by discretizing the time…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-15 Adrien Bolens , Markus Heyl

The product formula, commonly known as Trotter decomposition, is a central tool for digital quantum simulation, whose performance depends critically on how the Hamiltonian is partitioned into tractable blocks. Standard decompositions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-18 Naoki Negishi , Bo Yang

To efficiently implement many-qubit gates for use in quantum simulations on quantum computers we develop and present methods reexpressing exp[-i (H_1 + H_2 + ...) \Delta t] as a product of factors exp[-i H_1 \Delta t], exp[-i H_2 \Delta t],…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 A. T. Sornborger , E. D. Stewart

We describe methods to construct digital quantum simulation algorithms for quantum spin systems on a regular lattice with local interactions. In addition to tools such as the Trotter-Suzuki expansion and graph coloring, we also discuss the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-12 Guido Burkard

Quantum simulation is one of the most promising scientific applications of quantum computers. Due to decoherence and noise in current devices, it is however challenging to perform digital quantum simulation in a regime that is intractable…

Quantum simulation is a promising near term application for mesoscale quantum information processors, with the potential to solve computationally intractable problems at the scale of just a few dozen interacting quantum systems. Recent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-08-14 David L. Hayes , Steven T. Flammia , Michael J. Biercuk

Trotter decomposition provides a simple approach to simulating open quantum systems by decomposing the Lindbladian into a sum of individual terms. While it is established that Trotter errors in Hamiltonian simulation depend on nested…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-31 Xinzhao Wang , Shuo Zhou , Xiaoyang Wang , Yi-Cong Zheng , Shengyu Zhang , Tongyang Li

Simulating Hamiltonian dynamics is one of the most fundamental and significant tasks for characterising quantum materials. Recently, a series of quantum algorithms employing block-encoding of Hamiltonians have succeeded in providing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-18 Kaoru Mizuta

Efficiently simulating many-body quantum systems with Coulomb interactions is a fundamental question in quantum physics, quantum chemistry, and quantum computing, yet it presents unique challenges: the Hamiltonian is an unbounded operator…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-10 Di Fang , Xiaoxu Wu

Conventional methods of quantum simulation involve trade-offs that limit their applicability to specific contexts where their use is optimal. In particular, the interaction picture simulation has been found to provide substantial asymptotic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-17 Abhishek Rajput , Alessandro Roggero , Nathan Wiebe

Known as no fast-forwarding theorem in quantum computing, the simulation time for the Hamiltonian evolution needs to be $O(\|H\| t)$ in the worst case, which essentially states that one can not go across the multiple scales as the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-30 Yonah Borns-Weil , Di Fang

A key requirement to perform simulations of large quantum systems on near-term quantum hardware is the design of quantum algorithms with short circuit depth that finish within the available coherence time. A way to stay within the limits of…

In this work, we present a quantum algorithm for direct first-principles simulation of electron-nuclear dynamics on a first-quantized real-space grid. Our algorithm achieves best-in-class efficiency for block-encoding the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-13 Matthew Pocrnic , Ignacio Loaiza , Juan Miguel Arrazola , Nathan Wiebe , Danial Motlagh

Product formula approximations of the time-evolution operator on quantum computers are of great interest due to their simplicity, and good scaling with system size by exploiting commutativity between Hamiltonian terms. However, product…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-24 Guang Hao Low , Vadym Kliuchnikov , Nathan Wiebe
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