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We demonstrate that a necessary precondition for unconditionally secure quantum key distribution is that sender and receiver can use the available measurement results to prove the presence of entanglement in a quantum state that is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Marcos Curty , Maciej Lewenstein , Norbert Lütkenhaus

We consider quantum key distribution (QKD) and entanglement distribution using a single-sender multiple-receiver pure-loss bosonic broadcast channel. We determine the unconstrained capacity region for the distillation of bipartite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-13 Masahiro Takeoka , Kaushik P. Seshadreesan , Mark M. Wilde

Quantum key distribution (QKD) refers to specific quantum strategies which permit the secure distribution of a secret key between two parties that wish to communicate secretly. Quantum cryptography has proven unconditionally secure in ideal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-10-14 C. Rodó , O. Romero-Isart , K. Eckert , A. Sanpera

We investigate a quantum key distribution (QKD) scheme which utilizes a biased basis choice in order to increase the efficiency of the scheme. The optimal bias between the two measurement bases, a more refined error analysis, and finite key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-25 C. Erven , X. Ma , R. Laflamme , G. Weihs

Multipartite entanglement enables secure group key distribution among multiple users while providing immunity against hacking attacks targeting source devices, thereby realizing source-independent quantum conference key agreement (SI-QCKA).…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-24 Wen-Ji Hua , Yi-Ran Xiao , Yu Bao , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

Quantum network and quantum repeater are promising ways to scale up a quantum information system to enable various applications with unprecedented performance. As a current bottleneck of building a long-distance quantum network, the…

Entanglement based quantum communication offers an increased level of security in practical secret shared key distribution. One of the fundamental principles enabling this security -- the fact that interfering with one photon will destroy…

After analysing the main quantum secret sharing protocol based on the entanglement states, we propose an idea to directly encode the qubit of quantum key distributions, and then present a quantum secret sharing scheme where only product…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Guo-Ping Guo , Guang-Can Guo

Quantum communication technologies capable of operating reliably across heterogeneous optical channels are essential for scalable metropolitan quantum networks. Here we demonstrate high-dimensional time-bin-encoded quantum key distribution…

We develop a model for practical, entanglement-based long-distance quantum key distribution employing entanglement swapping as a key building block. Relying only on existing off-the-shelf technology, we show how to optimize resources so as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-02-23 Artur Scherer , Barry C. Sanders , Wolfgang Tittel

Entanglement-based quantum networks exhibit a unique flexibility in the choice of entangled resource states that are then locally manipulated by the nodes to fulfill any request in the network. Furthermore, this manipulation is not uniquely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-04 Maria Flors Mor-Ruiz , Julius Wallnöfer , Wolfgang Dür

By carrying out measurements on entangled states, two parties can generate a secret key which is secure not only against an eavesdropper bound by the laws of quantum mechanics, but also against a hypothetical "post-quantum" eavesdroppers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-10-22 Antonio Acin , Serge Massar , Stefano Pironio

Entangled states shared among distant nodes are frequently used in quantum network applications. When quantum resources are abundant, entangled states can be continuously distributed across the network, allowing nodes to consume them…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-01 Álvaro G. Iñesta , Stephanie Wehner

We experimentally demonstrate the coexistence of three entanglement-based quantum channels with carrier-grade classical optical channels over $11.5$km hollow core nested antiresonant nodeless fibre, in a four user quantum network. A…

A quantum network distributes quantum entanglements between remote nodes, and is key to many applications in secure communication, quantum sensing and distributed quantum computing. This paper explores the fundamental trade-off between the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Huayue Gu , Zhouyu Li , Ruozhou Yu , Xiaojian Wang , Fangtong Zhou , Jianqing Liu , Guoliang Xue

Quantum networks entangle remote nodes by distributing quantum states, which inevitably suffer from decoherence while traversing quantum channels. Pertinent decoherence mechanisms govern the channel capacity, its reach, and the quality and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-08 Daniel E. Jones , Brian T. Kirby , Michael Brodsky

We prove the security of a high-capacity quantum key distribution protocol over noisy channels. By using entanglement purification protocol, we construct a modified version of the protocol in which we separate it into two consecutive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Xiao-Wei Zhang , Kai Wen , Gui Lu Long

A quantum key distribution network enables pairs of users to generate independent secret keys by leveraging the principles of quantum physics. For end-to-end secure communication, a user pair's secret key must remain secure against any…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-26 Yiming Bian , Yichen Zhang , Song Yu , Zhengyu Li , Hong Guo

Quantum technology can enable secure communication for cryptography purposes using quantum key distribution. Quantum key distribution protocols provide a secret key between two users with security guaranteed by the laws of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-11 Venkat Abhignan , Abhishek Jamunkar , Gokul Nair , Mohit Mittal , Megha Shrivastava

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a key application in quantum communication, enabling secure key exchange between parties using quantum states. Twin-field (TF) QKD offers a promising solution that surpasses the repeaterless limits, and its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-28 Chunfeng Huang , Rui Guan , Xin Liu , Wenjie He , Shizhuo Li , Hao Liang , Ziyang Luo , Zhenrong Zhang , Wei Li , Kejin Wei