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Self-supervised learning (SSL) algorithms have emerged as powerful tools that can leverage large quantities of unlabeled audio data to pre-train robust representations that support strong performance on diverse downstream tasks. Up to now…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-05 Mattson Ogg

Transfer learning from high-resource languages is known to be an efficient way to improve end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) for low-resource languages. Pre-trained or jointly trained encoder-decoder models, however, do not share…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-12 Changhan Wang , Juan Pino , Jiatao Gu

Pretraining has become a standard technique in computer vision and natural language processing, which usually helps to improve performance substantially. Previously, the most dominant pretraining method is transfer learning (TL), which uses…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-09 Xingyi Yang , Xuehai He , Yuxiao Liang , Yue Yang , Shanghang Zhang , Pengtao Xie

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has proven vital for advancing research in natural language processing (NLP) and computer vision (CV). The paradigm pretrains a shared model on large volumes of unlabeled data and achieves state-of-the-art…

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has advanced speech processing but suffers from quadratic complexity due to self-attention. To address this, SummaryMixing (SM) has been proposed as a linear-time alternative that summarizes entire utterances…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-11 Aditya Srinivas Menon , Kumud Tripathi , Raj Gohil , Pankaj Wasnik

Discrete speech tokens have gained attention for their storage efficiency and integration with Large Language Models (LLMs). They are commonly categorized into acoustic and semantic tokens, with the latter being more advantageous for…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-04 Mohan Shi , Natarajan Balaji Shankar , Kaiyuan Zhang , Zilai Wang , Abeer Alwan

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as a powerful technique for learning rich representations from unlabeled data. The data representations are able to capture many underlying attributes of data, and be useful in downstream…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Weicheng Zhu , Sheng Liu , Carlos Fernandez-Granda , Narges Razavian

End-to-end models for robust automatic speech recognition (ASR) have not been sufficiently well-explored in prior work. With end-to-end models, one could choose to preprocess the input speech using speech enhancement techniques and train…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-15 Archiki Prasad , Preethi Jyothi , Rajbabu Velmurugan

In this work, we develop new self-learning techniques with an attention-based sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) model for automatic speech recognition (ASR). For untranscribed speech data, the hypothesis from an ASR system must be used as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Kenichi Kumatani , Dimitrios Dimitriadis , Yashesh Gaur , Robert Gmyr , Sefik Emre Eskimez , Jinyu Li , Michael Zeng

In this work, we study the features extracted by English self-supervised learning (SSL) models in cross-lingual contexts and propose a new metric to predict the quality of feature representations. Using automatic speech recognition (ASR) as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Shuyue Stella Li , Beining Xu , Xiangyu Zhang , Hexin Liu , Wenhan Chao , Leibny Paola Garcia

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is an active field of research due to its large number of applications and the proliferation of interfaces or computing devices that can support speech processing. However, the bulk of applications are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-03 Jean Louis K. E. Fendji , Diane C. M. Tala , Blaise O. Yenke , Marcellin Atemkeng

In speech recognition, it is essential to model the phonetic content of the input signal while discarding irrelevant factors such as speaker variations and noise, which is challenging in low-resource settings. Self-supervised pre-training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-04 Sreepratha Ram , Hanan Aldarmaki

Self-supervised learning (SSL) achieves great success in speech recognition, while limited exploration has been attempted for other speech processing tasks. As speech signal contains multi-faceted information including speaker identity,…

Self-supervised learning (SSL) is an emerging technique that has been successfully employed to train convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and graph neural networks (GNNs) for more transferable, generalizable, and robust representation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Prarthana Bhattacharyya , Chengjie Huang , Krzysztof Czarnecki

We study the problem of word-level confidence estimation in subword-based end-to-end (E2E) models for automatic speech recognition (ASR). Although prior works have proposed training auxiliary confidence models for ASR systems, they do not…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-12 David Qiu , Qiujia Li , Yanzhang He , Yu Zhang , Bo Li , Liangliang Cao , Rohit Prabhavalkar , Deepti Bhatia , Wei Li , Ke Hu , Tara N. Sainath , Ian McGraw

Enhancing explainability in speech self-supervised learning (SSL) is important for developing reliable SSL-based speech processing systems. This study probes how speech SSL models encode speaker-specific information via a large-scale…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-06 Aemon Yat Fei Chiu , Kei Ching Fung , Roger Tsz Yeung Li , Jingyu Li , Tan Lee

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) is a popular setting aiming to effectively utilize unlabelled data to improve model performance in downstream natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Currently, there are two popular approaches to make use of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Zhengxiang Shi , Francesco Tonolini , Nikolaos Aletras , Emine Yilmaz , Gabriella Kazai , Yunlong Jiao

Code-switching (CS) phenomenon occurs when words or phrases from different languages are alternated in a single sentence. Due to data scarcity, building an effective CS Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) system remains challenging. In this…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-23 Yu Xi , Wen Ding , Kai Yu , Junjie Lai

Self-supervised learning (SSL) speech models generate meaningful representations of given clips and achieve incredible performance across various downstream tasks. Model extraction attack (MEA) often refers to an adversary stealing the…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Tsu-Yuan Hsu , Chen-An Li , Tung-Yu Wu , Hung-yi Lee

With the success of self-supervised learning (SSL), it has become a mainstream paradigm to fine-tune from self-supervised pretrained models to boost the performance on downstream tasks. However, we find that current SSL models suffer severe…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Yun-Hao Cao , Peiqin Sun , Yechang Huang , Jianxin Wu , Shuchang Zhou