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When deploying autonomous agents in the real world, we need effective ways of communicating objectives to them. Traditional skill learning has revolved around reinforcement and imitation learning, each with rigid constraints on the format…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Mark Woodward , Chelsea Finn , Karol Hausman

This study investigates the use of generative AI and multi-agent systems to provide automatic feedback in educational contexts, particularly for student constructed responses in science assessments. The research addresses a key gap in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Shuchen Guo , Ehsan Latif , Yifan Zhou , Xuan Huang , Xiaoming Zhai

Several studies indicate that attracting students to research careers requires to engage them from early undergraduate years. Following this paradigm, our Engineering School has developed an undergraduate research program that allows…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-06-22 Felipe del-Rio , Denis Parra , Jovan Kuzmicic , Erick Svec

A compelling approach to complex question answering is to convert the question to a sequence of actions, which can then be executed on the knowledge base to yield the answer, aka the programmer-interpreter approach. Use similar training…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-02 Yuncheng Hua , Yuan-Fang Li , Gholamreza Haffari , Guilin Qi , Wei Wu

Mixed-initiative systems allow users to interactively provide feedback to potentially improve system performance. Human feedback can correct model errors and update model parameters to dynamically adapt to changing data. Additionally, many…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-08-31 Donald R. Honeycutt , Mahsan Nourani , Eric D. Ragan

Providing feedback is an integral part of teaching. Most open online courses on programming make use of automated grading systems to support programming assignments and give real-time feedback. These systems usually rely on test results to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-05-30 Rahul Gupta , Aditya Kanade , Shirish Shevade

The rise of Generative AI (GenAI) tools like ChatGPT has created new opportunities and challenges for computing education. Existing research has primarily focused on GenAI's ability to complete educational tasks and its impact on student…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Rufeng Chen , Shuaishuai Jiang , Jiyun Shen , AJung Moon , Lili Wei

Manual grading of programming assignments in introductory computer science courses can be time-consuming and prone to inconsistencies. While unit testing is commonly used for automatic evaluation, it typically follows a binary pass/fail…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Ahmad Memon , Abdallah Mohamed

Immediate feedback has been shown to improve student learning. In programming courses, immediate, automated feedback is typically provided in the form of pre-defined test cases run by a submission platform. While these are excellent for…

Programming instructors have diverse philosophies about integrating generative AI into their classes. Some encourage students to use AI, while others restrict or forbid it. Regardless of their approach, all instructors benefit from…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Ashley Ge Zhang , Yan-Ru Jhou , Yinuo Yang , Shamita Rao , Maryam Arab , Yan Chen , Steve Oney

Recent writing assistants are increasingly shifting from passive, prompt-driven interaction to proactive, suggestion-based completion, which integrates localized continuations into the writing flow and reduces coordination burden. However,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Youqing Fang , Yinhao Tang , Yanan Sun , Jiangning Liu , Ziyi Wang , Xun Zhao , Bin Liu , Weiming Zhang , Kuikun Liu , Wenwei Zhang , Kai Chen

Background: It has long been suggested that user feedback, typically written in natural language by end-users, can help issue detection. However, for large-scale online service systems that receive a tremendous amount of feedback, it…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Shuyao Jiang , Jiazhen Gu , Wujie Zheng , Yangfan Zhou , Michael R. Lyu

Behavioral skills or policies for autonomous agents are conventionally learned from reward functions, via reinforcement learning, or from demonstrations, via imitation learning. However, both modes of task specification have their…

Teaching students how to write code that is elegant, reusable, and comprehensible is a fundamental part of CS1 education. However, providing this "style feedback" in a timely manner has proven difficult to scale. In this paper, we present…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Juliette Woodrow , Ali Malik , Chris Piech

While the use of programming problems on exams is a common form of summative assessment in CS courses, grading such exam problems can be a difficult and inconsistent process. Through an analysis of historical grading patterns we show that…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Sonja Johnson-Yu , Nicholas Bowman , Mehran Sahami , Chris Piech

Peer review is a widely utilized pedagogical feedback mechanism for engaging students, which has been shown to improve educational outcomes. However, we find limited discussion and empirical measurement of peer review in visualization…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Zachariah Beasley , Alon Friedman , Les Piegl , Paul Rosen

The growing adoption of generative AI in education highlights the need to integrate established pedagogical principles into AI-assisted learning environments. This study investigates the potential of metacognitive theory to inform…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Tung Phung , Heeryung Choi , Mengyan Wu , Adish Singla , Christopher Brooks

Active learning strategies respond to the costly labelling task in a supervised classification by selecting the most useful unlabelled examples in training a predictive model. Many conventional active learning algorithms focus on refining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-08-12 Djallel Bouneffouf

Graphical user interface (GUI) agents have advanced rapidly but still struggle with complex tasks involving novel UI elements, long-horizon actions, and personalized trajectories. In this work, we introduce Instruction Agent, a GUI agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Yinheng Li , Hailey Hultquist , Justin Wagle , Kazuhito Koishida

Providing timely, targeted, and multimodal feedback helps students quickly correct errors, build deep understanding and stay motivated, yet making it at scale remains a challenge. This study introduces a real-time AI-facilitated multimodal…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Chloe Qianhui Zhao , Jie Cao , Jionghao Lin , Kenneth R. Koedinger