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Document understanding is critical for applications from financial analysis to scientific discovery. Current approaches, whether OCR-based pipelines feeding Large Language Models (LLMs) or native Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs), face key…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Sensen Gao , Shanshan Zhao , Xu Jiang , Lunhao Duan , Yong Xien Chng , Qing-Guo Chen , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang , Jia-Wang Bian , Mingming Gong

Explainable deep learning models are advantageous in many situations. Prior work mostly provide unimodal explanations through post-hoc approaches not part of the original system design. Explanation mechanisms also ignore useful textual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-07 Varun Nagaraj Rao , Xingjian Zhen , Karen Hovsepian , Mingwei Shen

This paper explores the use of unstructured, multimodal data, namely text and images, in causal inference and treatment effect estimation. We propose a neural network architecture that is adapted to the double machine learning (DML)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Sven Klaassen , Jan Teichert-Kluge , Philipp Bach , Victor Chernozhukov , Martin Spindler , Suhas Vijaykumar

In this era of technological advancements, several cutting-edge techniques are being implemented to enhance Autonomous Driving (AD) systems, focusing on improving safety, efficiency, and adaptability in complex driving environments.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Md Robiul Islam

Unstructured data, especially text, continues to grow rapidly in various domains. In particular, in the financial sphere, there is a wealth of accumulated unstructured financial data, such as the textual disclosure documents that companies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Bolun "Namir" Xia , Vipula D. Rawte , Mohammed J. Zaki , Aparna Gupta

Financial documents--such as 10-Ks, 10-Qs, and investor presentations--span hundreds of pages and combine diverse modalities, including dense narrative text, structured tables, and complex figures. Answering questions over such content…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Chinmay Gondhalekar , Urjitkumar Patel , Fang-Chun Yeh

An efficient monotone data augmentation (MDA) algorithm is proposed for missing data imputation for incomplete multivariate nonnormal data that may contain variables of different types, and are modeled by a sequence of regression models…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-11-21 Yongqiang Tang

Vision-language models (VLMs) perform well on many document understanding tasks, yet their reliability in specialized, non-English domains remains underexplored. This gap is especially critical in finance, where documents mix dense…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Virginie Mouilleron , Théo Lasnier , Anna Mosolova , Djamé Seddah

Understanding the relationship between textual news and time-series evolution is a critical yet under-explored challenge in applied data science. While multimodal learning has gained traction, existing multimodal time-series datasets fall…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Jialin Chen , Aosong Feng , Ziyu Zhao , Juan Garza , Gaukhar Nurbek , Cheng Qin , Ali Maatouk , Leandros Tassiulas , Yifeng Gao , Rex Ying

Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) is an unsupervised machine learning method that has attracted considerable attention in recent years owing to its equation-free structure, ability to easily identify coherent spatio-temporal structures in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Alex Viguerie , Gabriel F. Barros , Malú Grave , Alessandro Reali , Alvaro L. G. A. Coutinho

While Large Language Models have been used to produce interpretable stock forecasts, they mainly focus on analyzing textual reports but not historical price data, also known as Technical Analysis. This task is challenging as it switches…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-03-03 Kelvin J. L. Koa , Jan Chen , Yunshan Ma , Huanhuan Zheng , Tat-Seng Chua

Clinical notes contain rich patient information, such as diagnoses or medications, making them valuable for patient representation learning. Recent advances in large language models have further improved the ability to extract meaningful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Zihan Liang , Ziwen Pan , Ruoxuan Xiong

Combining pre-trained expert models offers substantial potential for scalable multimodal reasoning, but building a unified framework remains challenging due to the increasing diversity of input modalities and task complexity. For instance,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Shoubin Yu , Yue Zhang , Ziyang Wang , Jaehong Yoon , Mohit Bansal

Industry classification schemes provide a taxonomy for segmenting companies based on their business activities. They are relied upon in industry and academia as an integral component of many types of financial and economic analysis.…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2022-11-14 Rian Dolphin , Barry Smyth , Ruihai Dong

Bankruptcy is a legal procedure that claims a person or organization as a debtor. It is essential to ascertain the risk of bankruptcy at initial stages to prevent financial losses. In this perspective, different soft computing techniques…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-02-13 Kalyan Nagaraj , Amulyashree Sridhar

Bankruptcy prediction is very important for all the organization since it affects the economy and rise many social problems with high costs. There are large number of techniques have been developed to predict the bankruptcy, which helps the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2011-03-11 A. Martin , V. Gayathri , G. Saranya , P. Gayathri , Prasanna Venkatesan

Credit risk management, the practice of mitigating losses by understanding the adequacy of a borrower's capital and loan loss reserves, has long been imperative to any financial institution's long-term sustainability and growth. MassMutual…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2020-04-20 Tam Tran-The

Root cause analysis in modern cloud infrastructure demands sophisticated understanding of heterogeneous data sources, particularly time-series performance metrics that involve core failure signatures. While large language models demonstrate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Gijun Park

In countries without civil registration and vital statistics, verbal autopsy (VA) is a critical tool for estimating cause of death (COD) and inform policy priorities. In VA, interviewers ask proximal informants for details on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Yue Chu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise for financial applications, yet their suitability for this high-stakes domain remains largely unproven due to inadequacies in existing benchmarks. Existing benchmarks solely rely on…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Ziyan Kuang , Feiyu Zhu , Maowei Jiang , Yanzhao Lai , Zelin Wang , Zhitong Wang , Meikang Qiu , Jiajia Huang , Min Peng , Qianqian Xie , Sophia Ananiadou