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Related papers: Prompting Language Models for Linguistic Structure

200 papers

An important open question in the use of large language models for knowledge-intensive tasks is how to effectively integrate knowledge from three sources: the model's parametric memory, external structured knowledge, and external…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Xin Su , Tiep Le , Steven Bethard , Phillip Howard

Going beyond mere fine-tuning of vision-language models (VLMs), learnable prompt tuning has emerged as a promising, resource-efficient alternative. Despite their potential, effectively learning prompts faces the following challenges: (i)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Hari Chandana Kuchibhotla , Sai Srinivas Kancheti , Abbavaram Gowtham Reddy , Vineeth N Balasubramanian

The rise of large language models (LLMs) has highlighted the importance of prompt engineering as a crucial technique for optimizing model outputs. While experimentation with various prompting methods, such as Few-shot, Chain-of-Thought, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Michael Hewing , Vincent Leinhos

We propose to pre-train a unified language model for both autoencoding and partially autoregressive language modeling tasks using a novel training procedure, referred to as a pseudo-masked language model (PMLM). Given an input text with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-02 Hangbo Bao , Li Dong , Furu Wei , Wenhui Wang , Nan Yang , Xiaodong Liu , Yu Wang , Songhao Piao , Jianfeng Gao , Ming Zhou , Hsiao-Wuen Hon

Interaction with Large Language Models (LLMs) is primarily carried out via prompting. A prompt is a natural language instruction designed to elicit certain behaviour or output from a model. In theory, natural language prompts enable…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Michael Desmond , Michelle Brachman

This paper studies contextual biasing with Large Language Models (LLMs), where during second-pass rescoring additional contextual information is provided to a LLM to boost Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) performance. We propose to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Chuanneng Sun , Zeeshan Ahmed , Yingyi Ma , Zhe Liu , Lucas Kabela , Yutong Pang , Ozlem Kalinli

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used for temporal prediction, but their reliance on pretraining data raises contamination concerns, as accurate predictions on pre-cutoff test data may reflect memorization rather than reasoning,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Xin Gao , Ruiyi Zhang , Daniel Du , Saurabh Mahindre , Sai Ashish Somayajula , Pengtao Xie

The widespread usage of latent language representations via pre-trained language models (LMs) suggests that they are a promising source of structured knowledge. However, existing methods focus only on a single object per subject-relation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Sneha Singhania , Simon Razniewski , Gerhard Weikum

Acquiring factual knowledge with Pretrained Language Models (PLMs) has attracted increasing attention, showing promising performance in many knowledge-intensive tasks. Their good performance has led the community to believe that the models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Zhangdie Yuan , Songbo Hu , Ivan Vulić , Anna Korhonen , Zaiqiao Meng

Although language models (LMs) have boosted the performance of Question Answering, they still need plenty of data. Data annotation, in contrast, is a time-consuming process. This especially applies to Question Answering, where possibly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Maximilian Schmidt , Andrea Bartezzaghi , Ngoc Thang Vu

Language models (LMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in NLP, yet adapting them efficiently and robustly to specific tasks remains challenging. As their scale and complexity grow, fine-tuning LMs on labelled data often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Zhengyan Shi

Tuning pre-trained language models (PLMs) with task-specific prompts has been a promising approach for text classification. Particularly, previous studies suggest that prompt-tuning has remarkable superiority in the low-data scenario over…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Shengding Hu , Ning Ding , Huadong Wang , Zhiyuan Liu , Jingang Wang , Juanzi Li , Wei Wu , Maosong Sun

A central notion in practical and theoretical machine learning is that of a $\textit{weak learner}$, classifiers that achieve better-than-random performance (on any given distribution over data), even by a small margin. Such weak learners…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Hariharan Manikandan , Yiding Jiang , J Zico Kolter

Modern generative pre-trained language models excel at open-ended text generation, yet continue to underperform on structure-related tasks such as NER, relation extraction, and semantic role labeling, especially when compared to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Minho Lee , Junghyun Min , Yerang Kim , Woochul Lee , Yeonsoo Lee

Language model (LM) prompting--a popular paradigm for solving NLP tasks--has been shown to be susceptible to miscalibration and brittleness to slight prompt variations, caused by its discriminative prompting approach, i.e., predicting the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Sachin Kumar , Chan Young Park , Yulia Tsvetkov

Prompting methods have shown impressive performance in a variety of text mining tasks and applications, especially few-shot ones. Despite the promising prospects, the performance of prompting model largely depends on the design of prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Hongyuan Dong , Weinan Zhang , Wanxiang Che

The pre-trained foundation models (PFMs) have become essential for facilitating large-scale multimodal learning. Researchers have effectively employed the ``pre-train, prompt, and predict'' paradigm through prompt learning to induce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Xiang Chen , Yixin Ou , Quan Feng , Lei Li , Piji Li , Haibo Ye , Sheng-Jun Huang , Shuofei Qiao , Shumin Deng , Huajun Chen , Ningyu Zhang

This study explores the capability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to evaluate causality in causal graphs generated by conventional statistical causal discovery methods-a task traditionally reliant on manual assessment by human subject…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Yuni Susanti , Nina Holsmoelle

A major problem in the study of large language models is to understand their inherent low-dimensional structure. We introduce an approach to study the low-dimensional structure of language models at a model-agnostic level: as sequential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Noah Golowich , Allen Liu , Abhishek Shetty

Prompting is the primary method by which we study and control large language models. It is also one of the most powerful: nearly every major capability attributed to LLMs-few-shot learning, chain-of-thought, constitutional AI-was first…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Ari Holtzman , Chenhao Tan