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Accurate mapping of the built asset information to established data classification systems and taxonomies is crucial for effective asset management, whether for compliance at project handover or ad-hoc data integration scenarios. Due to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Mehrzad Shahinmoghadam , Ali Motamedi

Benchmarks are the de facto standard for tracking progress in large language models (LLMs), yet static test sets can rapidly saturate, become vulnerable to contamination, and are costly to refresh. Scalable evaluation of open-ended items…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yandan Zheng , Haoran Luo , Zhenghong Lin , Wenjin Liu , Luu Anh Tuan

In-context Learning (ICL) is the ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to perform new tasks when conditioned on prompts comprising a few task examples. However, ICL performance can be critically sensitive to the choice of examples. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Shivanshu Gupta , Clemens Rosenbaum , Ethan R. Elenberg

Code translation migrates codebases across programming languages. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have achieved significant advancements in software mining. However, handling the syntactic structure of source code remains a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Yali Du , Hui Sun , Ming Li

Evaluating statement autoformalization, translating natural language mathematics into formal languages like Lean 4, remains a significant challenge, with few metrics, datasets, and standards to robustly measure progress. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Auguste Poiroux , Gail Weiss , Viktor Kunčak , Antoine Bosselut

Commit Classification(CC) is an important task in software maintenance since it helps software developers classify code changes into different types according to their nature and purpose. This allows them to better understand how their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Jiajun Tong , Xiaobin Rui

The growing use of large language models (LLMs) for sensitive applications has highlighted the need for effective watermarking techniques to ensure the provenance and accountability of AI-generated text. However, most existing watermarking…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Yepeng Liu , Xuandong Zhao , Christopher Kruegel , Dawn Song , Yuheng Bu

We aim to automatically generate natural language descriptions about an input structured knowledge base (KB). We build our generation framework based on a pointer network which can copy facts from the input KB, and add two attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Qingyun Wang , Xiaoman Pan , Lifu Huang , Boliang Zhang , Zhiying Jiang , Heng Ji , Kevin Knight

Research has shown that Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) can be effectively applied to text classification as part of a predictive coding protocol. That said, most research to date has been conducted on data sets with short documents…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-12-23 Robert Keeling , Rishi Chhatwal , Nathaniel Huber-Fliflet , Jianping Zhang , Fusheng Wei , Haozhen Zhao , Shi Ye , Han Qin

Evaluating large language models (LLMs) is costly: it requires the generation and examination of LLM outputs on a large-scale benchmark of various tasks. This paper investigates how to efficiently reduce the tasks used to benchmark LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Hongyu Zhao , Ming Li , Lichao Sun , Tianyi Zhou

The construction industry is one of the main producers of greenhouse gasses (GHG). Quantifying the amount of air pollutants including GHG emissions during a construction project has become an additional project objective to traditional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Farid Shahnavaz , Reza Akhavian

Accurately quantifying uncertainty in large language models (LLMs) is crucial for their reliable deployment, especially in high-stakes applications. Current state-of-the-art methods for measuring semantic uncertainty in LLMs rely on strict…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Yashvir S. Grewal , Edwin V. Bonilla , Thang D. Bui

This paper presents a novel approach to the acquisition of language models from corpora. The framework builds on Cobweb, an early system for constructing taxonomic hierarchies of probabilistic concepts that used a tabular, attribute-value…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-23 Christopher J. MacLellan , Peter Matsakis , Pat Langley

Large language models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated strong capabilities in generating machine learning (ML) code, enabling end-to-end pipeline construction from natural language instructions. However, existing benchmarks for ML code…

Software testing is still a manual process in many industries, despite the recent improvements in automated testing techniques. As a result, test cases are often specified in natural language by different employees and many redundant test…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-10-18 Markos Viggiato , Dale Paas , Chris Buzon , Cor-Paul Bezemer

We introduce new methods for estimating and evaluating embeddings of words in more than fifty languages in a single shared embedding space. Our estimation methods, multiCluster and multiCCA, use dictionaries and monolingual data; they do…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-05-24 Waleed Ammar , George Mulcaire , Yulia Tsvetkov , Guillaume Lample , Chris Dyer , Noah A. Smith

This paper investigates the automation of qualitative data analysis, focusing on inductive coding using large language models (LLMs). Unlike traditional approaches that rely on deductive methods with predefined labels, this research…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Angelina Parfenova , Andreas Marfurt , Alexander Denzler , Juergen Pfeffer

Topic models are typically evaluated with respect to the global topic distributions that they generate, using metrics such as coherence, but without regard to local (token-level) topic assignments. Token-level assignments are important for…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-05-31 Jeffrey Lund , Piper Armstrong , Wilson Fearn , Stephen Cowley , Courtni Byun , Jordan Boyd-Graber , Kevin Seppi

Multilingual large language models (LLMs) have minimized the fluency gap between languages. This advancement, however, exposes models to the risk of biased behavior, as knowledge and norms may propagate across languages. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Guy Mor-Lan , Omer Goldman , Matan Eyal , Adi Mayrav Gilady , Sivan Eiger , Idan Szpektor , Avinatan Hassidim , Yossi Matias , Reut Tsarfaty

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable abilities, one of the most important being in-context learning (ICL). With ICL, LLMs can derive the underlying rule from a few demonstrations and provide answers that comply with the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Bowen Zheng , Ming Ma , Zhongqiao Lin , Tianming Yang