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Iris recognition is increasingly used in large-scale applications. As a result, presentation attack detection for iris recognition takes on fundamental importance. This survey covers the diverse research literature on this topic. Different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-14 Adam Czajka , Kevin W. Bowyer

Deep learning models have shown their vulnerability when dealing with adversarial attacks. Existing attacks almost perform on low-level instances, such as pixels and super-pixels, and rarely exploit semantic clues. For face recognition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-21 Shuai Jia , Bangjie Yin , Taiping Yao , Shouhong Ding , Chunhua Shen , Xiaokang Yang , Chao Ma

Face recognition has obtained remarkable progress in recent years due to the great improvement of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs). However, deep CNNs are vulnerable to adversarial examples, which can cause fateful consequences in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-10 Yinpeng Dong , Hang Su , Baoyuan Wu , Zhifeng Li , Wei Liu , Tong Zhang , Jun Zhu

Face recognition has achieved great success in the last five years due to the development of deep learning methods. However, deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) have been found to be vulnerable to adversarial examples. In particular,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Yaoyao Zhong , Weihong Deng

Cross-spectral face recognition systems are designed to enhance the performance of facial recognition systems by enabling cross-modal matching under challenging operational conditions. A particularly relevant application is the matching of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Anjith George , Sebastien Marcel

Examining the authenticity of images has become increasingly important as manipulation tools become more accessible and advanced. Recent work has shown that while CNN-based image manipulation detectors can successfully identify…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Hailey Joren , Otkrist Gupta , Dan Raviv

2D face recognition has been proven insecure for physical adversarial attacks. However, few studies have investigated the possibility of attacking real-world 3D face recognition systems. 3D-printed attacks recently proposed cannot generate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Yanjie Li , Yiquan Li , Xuelong Dai , Songtao Guo , Bin Xiao

The integration of multimodal models into Presentation Attack Detection (PAD) for ID Documents represents a significant advancement in biometric security. Traditional PAD systems rely solely on visual features, which often fail to detect…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Marina Villanueva , Juan M. Espin , Juan E. Tapia

Today's proliferation of powerful facial recognition systems poses a real threat to personal privacy. As Clearview.ai demonstrated, anyone can canvas the Internet for data and train highly accurate facial recognition models of individuals…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Shawn Shan , Emily Wenger , Jiayun Zhang , Huiying Li , Haitao Zheng , Ben Y. Zhao

Recent face presentation attack detection (PAD) leverages domain adaptation (DA) and domain generalization (DG) techniques to address performance degradation on unknown domains. However, DA-based PAD methods require access to unlabeled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Meiling Fang , Naser Damer

In this paper we address the issues of using edge detection techniques on facial images to produce cancellable biometric templates and a novel method for template verification against tampering. With increasing use of biometrics, there is a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-01-23 Manoj Krishnaswamy , G. Hemantha Kumar

In a typical face recognition pipeline, the task of the face detector is to localize the face region. However, the face detector localizes regions that look like a face, irrespective of the liveliness of the face, which makes the entire…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-30 Anjith George , Sebastien Marcel

Face recognition technology has dramatically transformed the landscape of security, surveillance, and authentication systems, offering a user-friendly and non-invasive biometric solution. However, despite its significant advantages, face…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Arun Kunwar , Ajita Rattani

Morphing is a challenge to face recognition (FR) for which several morphing attack detection solutions have been proposed. We argue that face recognition and differential morphing attack detection (D-MAD) in principle perform very similar…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Una M. Kelly , Luuk J. Spreeuwers , Raymond N. J. Veldhuis

The widespread adoption of deep learning across various industries has introduced substantial challenges, particularly in terms of model explainability and security. The inherent complexity of deep learning models, while contributing to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Kealan Dunnett , Reza Arablouei , Dimity Miller , Volkan Dedeoglu , Raja Jurdak

A face spoofing attack occurs when an intruder attempts to impersonate someone who carries a gainful authentication clearance. It is a trending topic due to the increasing demand for biometric authentication on mobile devices, high-security…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Rafael Henrique Vareto , Araceli Marcia Sandanha , William Robson Schwartz

Various facial manipulation techniques have drawn serious public concerns in morality, security, and privacy. Although existing face forgery classifiers achieve promising performance on detecting fake images, these methods are vulnerable to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Shuai Jia , Chao Ma , Taiping Yao , Bangjie Yin , Shouhong Ding , Xiaokang Yang

The widespread adoption of face recognition has led to increasing privacy concerns, as unauthorized access to face images can expose sensitive personal information. This paper explores face image protection against viewing and recovery…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Yuxi Mi , Zhizhou Zhong , Yuge Huang , Jiazhen Ji , Jianqing Xu , Jun Wang , Shaoming Wang , Shouhong Ding , Shuigeng Zhou

Adversarial attacks on face recognition (FR) systems pose a significant security threat, yet most are confined to the digital domain or require white-box access. We introduce GaP (Gaussian Patch), a novel method to generate a universal,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Andrey Kaznacheev , Matvey Mikhalchuk , Andrey Kuznetsov , Aleksandr Petiushko , Anton Razzhigaev

Recently, detecting AI-generated images produced by diffusion-based models has attracted increasing attention due to their potential threat to safety. Among existing approaches, reconstruction-based methods have emerged as a prominent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Haoyang Jiang , Mingyang Yi , Shaolei Zhang , Junxian Cai , Qingbin Liu , Xi Chen , Ju Fan