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Related papers: Block withholding resilience

200 papers

In blockchain-based order book systems, buyers and sellers trade assets, while it is miners to match them and include their transactions in the blockchain. It is found that many miners behave selfishly and myopically, prioritizing…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Yunshu Liu , Lingjie Duan

Previous work presented a theoretical model based on the implicit Bitcoin specification for how an entity might issue a protocol native cryptocurrency that mimics features of fiat currencies. Protocol native means that it is built into the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-16 Peter Mell , Aurelien Delaitre , Frederic de Vaulx , Philippe Dessauw

We propose DIPS Difficulty-based Incentives for Problem Solving), a simple modification of the Bitcoin proof-of-work algorithm that rewards blockchain miners for solving optimization problems of scientific interest. The result is a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Pericles Philippopoulos , Alessandro Ricottone , Carlos G. Oliver

We consider the execution of smart contracts on Bitcoin. There, every contract step corresponds to appending to the blockchain a new transaction that spends the output representing the old contract state, creating a new one for the updated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Dario Maddaloni , Riccardo Marchesin , Roberto Zunino

Since the inception of Bitcoin, cryptocurrencies and the underlying blockchain technology have attracted an increasing interest from both academia and industry. Among various core components, consensus protocol is the defining technology…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Yang Xiao , Ning Zhang , Wenjing Lou , Y. Thomas Hou

Nakamoto consensus has been incredibly influential in enabling robust blockchain systems, and one of its components is the so-called heaviest chain rule (HCR). Within this rule, the calculation of the weight of the chain tip is performed by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Karl Kreder , Shreekara Shastry

As the core technology behind Bitcoin, Blockchain's decentralized, tamper-proof, and traceable features make it the preferred platform for organizational innovation. In current Bitcoin, block reward is halved every four years, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Xiongfei Zhao , Yain-Whar Si

We propose a model suggesting that honest-but-rational consensus participants may play timing games, and strategically delay their block proposal to optimize MEV capture, while still ensuring the proposal's timely inclusion in the canonical…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Caspar Schwarz-Schilling , Fahad Saleh , Thomas Thiery , Jennifer Pan , Nihar Shah , Barnabé Monnot

Bitcoin is firmly becoming a mainstream asset in our global society. Its highly volatile nature has traders and speculators flooding into the market to take advantage of its significant price swings in the hope of making money. This work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Nathan Crone , Eoin Brophy , Tomas Ward

Blockchains have block-size limits to ensure the entire cluster can keep up with the tip of the chain. These block-size limits are usually single-dimensional, but richer multidimensional constraints allow for greater throughput. The…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Nir Lavee , Noam Nisan , Mallesh Pai , Max Resnick

Bitcoin provides freshness properties by forming a blockchain where each block is associated with its timestamp and the previous block. Due to these properties, the Bitcoin protocol is being used as a decentralized, trusted, and secure…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-05-21 Pawel Szalachowski

The security of blockchain systems is fundamentally based on the decentralized consensus in which the majority of parties behave honestly, and the content verification process is essential to maintaining the robustness of blockchain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Zishuo Zhao , Xi Chen , Yuan Zhou

Mining is the important part of the blockchain used the proof of work (PoW) on its consensus, looking for the matching block through testing a number of hash calculations. In order to attract more hash computing power, the miner who finds…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Muchuang Hu , Jiahui Chen , Wensheng Gan , Chien-Ming Chen

Bitcoin is a top-ranked cryptocurrency that has experienced huge growth and survived numerous attacks. The protocols making up Bitcoin must therefore accommodate the growth of the network and ensure security. Security of the Bitcoin network…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Gleb Naumenko , Gregory Maxwell , Pieter Wuille , Alexandra Fedorova , Ivan Beschastnikh

We consider the block withholding attacks on pools, more specifically the state-of-the-art Power Adjusting Withholding (PAW) attack. We propose a generalization called Temporary PAW (T-PAW) where the adversary withholds a fPoW from pool…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Mustafa Doger , Sennur Ulukus

Miners in a blockchain system are suffering from ever-increasing storage costs, which in general have not been properly compensated by the users' transaction fees. This reduces the incentives for the miners' participation and may jeopardize…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Yunshu Liu , Zhixuan Fang , Man Hon Cheung , Wei Cai , Jianwei Huang

Bitcoin is a peer-to-peer payment system proposed by Nakamoto in 2008. Based on the Nakamoto consensus, Bagaria, Kannan, Tse, Fanti, and Viswanath proposed the Prism protocol in 2018 and showed that it achieves near-optimal blockchain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-27 Jing Li , Dongning Guo

The long-term success of cryptocurrencies largely depends on the incentive compatibility provided to the validators. Bribery attacks, facilitated trustlessly via smart contracts, threaten this foundation. This work introduces, implements,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Bence Soóki-Tóth , István András Seres , Kamilla Kara , Ábel Nagy , Balázs Pejó , Gergely Biczók

The Bitcoin payment system involves two agent types: Users that transact with the currency and pay fees and miners in charge of authorizing transactions and securing the system in return for these fees. Two of Bitcoin's challenges are (i)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Ron Lavi , Or Sattath , Aviv Zohar

Theoretical guarantees for double spending probabilities for the Nakamoto consensus under the $k$-deep confirmation rule have been extensively studied for zero/bounded network delays and fixed mining rates. In this paper, we introduce a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Mustafa Doger , Sennur Ulukus , Nail Akar