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Portfolio optimization methods have evolved significantly since Markowitz introduced the mean-variance framework in 1952. While the theoretical appeal of this approach is undeniable, its practical implementation poses important challenges,…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2024-05-28 Adil Rengim Cetingoz , Olivier Guéant

The potential benefits of portfolio diversification have been known to investors for a long time. Markowitz (1952) suggested the seminal approach for optimizing the portfolio problem based on finding the weights as budget shares that…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2019-03-05 Abdulnasser Hatemi-J , Mohamed Ali Hajji , Youssef El-Khatib

Portfolio optimization emerged with the seminal paper of Markowitz (1952). The original mean-variance framework is appealing because it is very efficient from a computational point of view. However, it also has one well-established failing…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2019-09-24 Sarah Perrin , Thierry Roncalli

Portfolio optimization has long been dominated by covariance-based strategies, such as the Markowitz Mean-Variance framework. However, these approaches often fail to ensure a balanced risk structure across assets, leading to concentration…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-08-07 Biswarup Chakraborty

This article develops the theory of risk budgeting portfolios, when we would like to impose weight constraints. It appears that the mathematical problem is more complex than the traditional risk budgeting problem. The formulation of the…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2019-02-18 Jean-Charles Richard , Thierry Roncalli

With the good development in the financial industry, the market starts to catch people's eyes, not only by the diversified investing choices ranging from bonds and stocks to futures and options but also by the general "high-risk,…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2020-07-03 Qingyin Ge , Yunuo Ma , Yuezhi Liao , Rongyu Li , Tianle Zhu

More than seventy years ago Harry Markowitz formulated portfolio construction as an optimization problem that trades off expected return and risk, defined as the standard deviation of the portfolio returns. Since then the method has been…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2024-01-11 Stephen Boyd , Kasper Johansson , Ronald Kahn , Philipp Schiele , Thomas Schmelzer

Utility and risk are two often competing measurements on the investment success. We show that efficient trade-off between these two measurements for investment portfolios happens, in general, on a convex curve in the two dimensional space…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2018-05-16 Stanislaus Maier-Paape , Qiji Jim Zhu

Markowitz (1952, 1959) laid down the ground-breaking work on the mean-variance analysis. Under his framework, the theoretical optimal allocation vector can be very different from the estimated one for large portfolios due to the intrinsic…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2008-12-16 Jianqing Fan , Jingjin Zhang , Ke Yu

Risk budgeting is a portfolio strategy where each asset contributes a prespecified amount to the aggregate risk of the portfolio. In this work, we propose an efficient numerical framework that uses only simulations of returns for estimating…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2023-02-03 Bernardo Freitas Paulo da Costa , Silvana M. Pesenti , Rodrigo S. Targino

Markowitz's celebrated mean--variance portfolio optimization theory assumes that the means and covariances of the underlying asset returns are known. In practice, they are unknown and have to be estimated from historical data. Plugging the…

Applications · Statistics 2011-08-05 Tze Leung Lai , Haipeng Xing , Zehao Chen

Given a reference risk measure, the risk budgeting is the portfolio where each asset contributes a predetermined amount to the total risk. We propose a novel approach, alternative to the ones proposed in the literature, for the calculation…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2026-03-17 Claudia Fassino , Pierpaolo Uberti

Modern portfolio theory(MPT) addresses the problem of determining the optimum allocation of investment resources among a set of candidate assets. In the original mean-variance approach of Markowitz, volatility is taken as a proxy for risk,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Morrel H. Cohen , Vincent D. Natoli

In finance industry portfolio construction deals with how to divide the investors' wealth across an asset-classes' menu in order to maximize the investors' gain. Main approaches in use at the present are based on variations of the classical…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2009-07-21 Giordano Pola , Gianni Pola

Designing an optimum portfolio that allocates weights to its constituent stocks in a way that achieves the best trade-off between the return and the risk is a challenging research problem. The classical mean-variance theory of portfolio…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2021-07-26 Jaydip Sen , Sidra Mehtab

Although portfolio management didn't change much during the 40 years after the seminal works of Markowitz and Sharpe, the development of risk budgeting techniques marked an important milestone in the deepening of the relationship between…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2014-03-11 Thierry Roncalli

Investment approaches in financial instruments have been varied and often produce unpredictable results. Many investors in the earlier days of investment banking suffered catastrophical losses due to poor strategy and lack of understanding…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2011-10-04 Murphy Choy

Markowitz mean-variance portfolios with sample mean and covariance as input parameters feature numerous issues in practice. They perform poorly out of sample due to estimation error, they experience extreme weights together with high…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-12-29 Wolfgang Karl Härdle , Yegor Klochkov , Alla Petukhina , Nikita Zhivotovskiy

This paper is devoted to study the optimal portfolio problem. Harry Markowitz's Ph.D. thesis prepared the ground for the mathematical theory of finance. In modern portfolio theory, we typically find asset returns that are modeled by a…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2014-06-30 Hassan Omidi Firouzi , Andrew Luong

Estimation error has plagued quantitative finance since Harry Markowitz launched modern portfolio theory in 1952. Using random matrix theory, we characterize a source of bias in the sample eigenvectors of financial covariance matrices.…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-02-16 Lisa Goldberg , Alex Papanicolaou , Alex Shkolnik
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