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We present a new Milky Way microlensing simulation code, dubbed PopSyCLE (Population Synthesis for Compact object Lensing Events). PopSyCLE is the first resolved microlensing simulation to include a compact object distribution derived from…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-05 Casey Y. Lam , Jessica R. Lu , Matthew W. Hosek, , William A. Dawson , Nathan R. Golovich

It has long been suggested that a fraction of the dark matter in the Universe could exist in the form of primordial black holes (PBHs) that have existed since the radiation dominated era. Recent studies have suggested that these PBHs may be…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-09-03 Lewis R. Prole , John A. Regan , Daxal Mehta , Peter Coles , Pratika Dayal

We review numerous arguments for primordial black holes (PBHs) based on observational evidence from a variety of lensing, dynamical, accretion and gravitational-wave effects. This represents a shift from the usual emphasis on PBH…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-06 Bernard Carr , Sebastien Clesse , Juan Garcia-Bellido , Michael Hawkins , Florian Kuhnel

Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) could explain some fraction of dark matter and shed light on many areas of early-universe physics. Despite over half a century of research interest, a PBH population has so far eluded detection. The most…

Primordial Black Holes (PBH) are hypothesised to form during inflation and have long been considered a candidate for compact dark matter. Gravitational microlensing is known as a productive method for exoplanet discovery and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-20 Renee Key , Edward N. Taylor , Ken C. Freeman , Jeremy Mould , Abhijit Saha , Anais Möller , Timothy M. C. Abbott , Alan R. Duffy

Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) are, typically light, black holes which can form in the early Universe. There are a number of formation mechanisms, including the collapse of large density perturbations, cosmic string loops and bubble…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-04-07 Anne M. Green

Although dark matter in galaxies may consist of elementary particles different from those that make up ordinary matter and that would be smoothly distributed (still undetected), the so-called primordial black holes (PBHs) formed soon after…

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are compact objects proposed to have formed in the early Universe from the collapse of small-scale over-densities. Their existence may be detected from the observation of gravitational waves (GWs) emitted by…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-01 Matteo Martinelli , Francesca Scarcella , Natalie B. Hogg , Bradley J. Kavanagh , Daniele Gaggero , Pierre Fleury

Primordial black holes (PBHs) may form in the early stages of the Universe via the collapse of large density perturbations. Depending on the formation mechanism, PBHs may exist and populate today the galactic halos and have masses in a wide…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-09-13 Lindita Hamolli , Mimoza Hafizi , Francesco De Paolis , Achille A. Nucita

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are a viable candidate for dark matter if the PBH masses are in the currently unconstrained "sublunar" mass range. We revisit the possibility that PBHs were produced by nucleation of false vacuum bubbles during…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-14 Alexander Kusenko , Misao Sasaki , Sunao Sugiyama , Masahiro Takada , Volodymyr Takhistov , Edoardo Vitagliano

Primordial black holes (PBHs) may have formed in the early Universe and may account for all or part of the dark matter. In this review, we summarize the current observational constraints on PBHs across the full mass range, highlight…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-02 Bernard Carr , Antonio J. Iovino , Gabriele Perna , Ville Vaskonen , Hardi Veermäe

Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) remain a Dark Matter (DM) candidate of the Standard Model of Particle Physics. Previously, we proposed a new method of constraining the remaining PBH DM mass range using microlensing of stars monitored by…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Agnieszka M. Cieplak , Kim Griest

Primordial black holes (PBH) can arise in a wide range of scenarios, from inflation to first-order phase transitions. Light PBHs, such as those produced during preheating, in bounce cosmologies, or at the GUT scale, could induce an early…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-17 Taehun Kim , Philip Lu

See thesis for complete abstract. Primordial black holes (PBHs) can form in the early universe, and there are several mass windows in which their abundance today may be large enough to comprise a significant part of the dark matter density.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-06 Eloy de Jong

Recent observations of gravitational waves motivate investigations for the existence of Primordial Black Holes (PBHs). We propose the observation of gravitational microlensing of distant quasars for the range of infrared to the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-23 T. Naderi , A. Mehrabi , S. Rahvar

Primordial Black Holes~(PBHs) are hypothetical black holes with a wide range of masses that formed in the early universe. As a result, they may play an important cosmological role and provide a unique probe of the early universe. A PBH with…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-04 Zhen Cao , F. Aharonian , Y. X. Bai , Y. W. Bao , D. Bastieri , X. J. Bi , Y. J. Bi , W. Bian , A. V. Bukevich , C. M. Cai , W. Y. Cao , Zhe Cao , J. Chang , J. F. Chang , A. M. Chen , E. S. Chen , G. H. Chen , H. X. Chen , Liang Chen , Long Chen , M. J. Chen , M. L. Chen , Q. H. Chen , S. Chen , S. H. Chen , S. Z. Chen , T. L. Chen , X. B. Chen , X. J. Chen , Y. Chen , N. Cheng , Y. D. Cheng , M. C. Chu , M. Y. Cui , S. W. Cui , X. H. Cui , Y. D. Cui , B. Z. Dai , H. L. Dai , Z. G. Dai , Danzengluobu , Y. X. Diao , X. Q. Dong , K. K. Duan , J. H. Fan , Y. Z. Fan , J. Fang , J. H. Fang , K. Fang , C. F. Feng , H. Feng , L. Feng , S. H. Feng , X. T. Feng , Y. Feng , Y. L. Feng , S. Gabici , B. Gao , C. D. Gao , Q. Gao , W. Gao , W. K. Gao , M. M. Ge , T. T. Ge , L. S. Geng , G. Giacinti , G. H. Gong , Q. B. Gou , M. H. Gu , F. L. Guo , J. Guo , X. L. Guo , Y. Q. Guo , Y. Y. Guo , Y. A. Han , O. A. Hannuksela , M. Hasan , H. H. He , H. N. He , J. Y. He , X. Y. He , Y. He , S. Hernández-Cadena , B. W. Hou , C. Hou , X. Hou , H. B. Hu , S. C. Hu , C. Huang , D. H. Huang , J. J. Huang , T. Q. Huang , W. J. Huang , X. T. Huang , X. Y. Huang , Y. Huang , Y. Y. Huang , X. L. Ji , H. Y. Jia , K. Jia , H. B. Jiang , K. Jiang , X. W. Jiang , Z. J. Jiang , M. Jin , S. Kaci , M. M. Kang , I. Karpikov , D. Khangulyan , D. Kuleshov , K. Kurinov , B. B. Li , Cheng Li , Cong Li , D. Li , F. Li , H. B. Li , H. C. Li , Jian Li , Jie Li , K. Li , L. Li , R. L. Li , S. D. Li , T. Y. Li , W. L. Li , X. R. Li , Xin Li , Y. Li , Y. Z. Li , Zhe Li , Zhuo Li , E. W. Liang , Y. F. Liang , S. J. Lin , B. Liu , C. Liu , D. Liu , D. B. Liu , H. Liu , H. D. Liu , J. Liu , J. L. Liu , J. R. Liu , M. Y. Liu , R. Y. Liu , S. M. Liu , W. Liu , X. Liu , Y. Liu , Y. Liu , Y. N. Liu , Y. Q. Lou , Q. Luo , Y. Luo , H. K. Lv , B. Q. Ma , L. L. Ma , X. H. Ma , J. R. Mao , Z. Min , W. Mitthumsiri , G. B. Mou , H. J. Mu , A. Neronov , K. C. Y. Ng , M. Y. Ni , L. Nie , L. J. Ou , P. Pattarakijwanich , Z. Y. Pei , J. C. Qi , M. Y. Qi , J. J. Qin , A. Raza , C. Y. Ren , D. Ruffolo , A. Sáiz , D. Semikoz , L. Shao , O. Shchegolev , Y. Z. Shen , X. D. Sheng , Z. D. Shi , F. W. Shu , H. C. Song , Yu. V. Stenkin , V. Stepanov , Y. Su , D. X. Sun , H. Sun , Q. N. Sun , X. N. Sun , Z. B. Sun , N. H. Tabasam , J. Takata , P. H. T. Tam , H. B. Tan , Q. W. Tang , R. Tang , Z. B. Tang , W. W. Tian , C. N. Tong , L. H. Wan , C. Wang , G. W. Wang , H. G. Wang , J. C. Wang , K. Wang , Kai Wang , Kai Wang , L. P. Wang , L. Y. Wang , L. Y. Wang , R. Wang , W. Wang , X. G. Wang , X. J. Wang , X. Y. Wang , Y. Wang , Y. D. Wang , Z. H. Wang , Z. X. Wang , Zheng Wang , D. M. Wei , J. J. Wei , Y. J. Wei , T. Wen , S. S. Weng , C. Y. Wu , H. R. Wu , Q. W. Wu , S. Wu , X. F. Wu , Y. S. Wu , S. Q. Xi , J. Xia , J. J. Xia , G. M. Xiang , D. X. Xiao , G. Xiao , Y. L. Xin , Y. Xing , D. R. Xiong , Z. Xiong , D. L. Xu , R. F. Xu , R. X. Xu , W. L. Xu , L. Xue , D. H. Yan , T. Yan , C. W. Yang , C. Y. Yang , F. F. Yang , L. L. Yang , M. J. Yang , R. Z. Yang , W. X. Yang , Z. H. Yang , Z. G. Yao , X. A. Ye , L. Q. Yin , N. Yin , X. H. You , Z. Y. You , Q. Yuan , H. Yue , H. D. Zeng , T. X. Zeng , W. Zeng , X. T. Zeng , M. Zha , B. B. Zhang , B. T. Zhang , C. Zhang , F. Zhang , H. Zhang , H. M. Zhang , H. Y. Zhang , J. L. Zhang , Li Zhang , P. F. Zhang , P. P. Zhang , R. Zhang , S. R. Zhang , S. S. Zhang , W. Y. Zhang , X. Zhang , X. P. Zhang , Yi Zhang , Yong Zhang , Z. P. Zhang , J. Zhao , L. Zhao , L. Z. Zhao , S. P. Zhao , X. H. Zhao , Z. H. Zhao , F. Zheng , W. J. Zhong , B. Zhou , H. Zhou , J. N. Zhou , M. Zhou , P. Zhou , R. Zhou , X. X. Zhou , X. X. Zhou , B. Y. Zhu , C. G. Zhu , F. R. Zhu , H. Zhu , K. J. Zhu , Y. C. Zou , X. Zuo , S. Wang , Xin Zhang

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are a fascinating candidate for being the dark matter, albeit one which has been heavily constrained. This review presents an in depth look at those observational constraints, particularly at their nuances and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-31 Marc Oncins

We present the analysis on our new limits of the dark matter (DM) halo consisting of primordial black holes (PBHs) or massive compact halo objects (MACHOs). We present a search of the first two years of publicly available Kepler mission…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Kim Griest , Agnieszka M. Cieplak , Matthew J. Lehner

Stellar microlensing observations tightly constrain compact object dark matter in the mass range $(10^{-11} - 10^{3}) M_{\odot}$. Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) form clusters, and it has been argued that these microlensing constraints are…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-31 Matthew Gorton , Anne M. Green

Primordial black holes (PBHs) hidden in the incredible bulk of the dark dimension could escape constraints from non-observation of their Hawking radiation. Since these five-dimensional (5D) PBHs are bigger, colder, and longer-lived than…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-11-08 Luis A. Anchordoqui , Ignatios Antoniadis , Dieter Lust , Karem Peñaló Castillo
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