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Complex, multi-task problems have proven to be difficult to solve efficiently in a sparse-reward reinforcement learning setting. In order to be sample efficient, multi-task learning requires reuse and sharing of low-level policies. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Valerie Chen , Abhinav Gupta , Kenneth Marino

Our goal is for robots to follow natural language instructions like "put the towel next to the microwave." But getting large amounts of labeled data, i.e. data that contains demonstrations of tasks labeled with the language instruction, is…

Path planners that can interpret free-form natural language instructions hold promise to automate a wide range of robotics applications. These planners simplify user interactions and enable intuitive control over complex semi-autonomous…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-17 William English , Dominic Simon , Sumit Jha , Rickard Ewetz

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive progress in complex reasoning tasks, largely driven by the Chain-of-Thought (CoT) paradigm, which decomposes difficult problems into intermediate steps. However, CoT reasoning…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Rui Wang , Zeming Wei , Yihao Zhang , Xiaokun Luan

Neuro-symbolic NLP methods aim to leverage the complementary strengths of large language models and formal logical solvers. However, current approaches are mostly static in nature, i.e., the integration of a target solver is predetermined…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Lei Xu , Pierre Beckmann , Marco Valentino , André Freitas

We propose an instructions-based approach for robot programming where the programmer interacts with the robot by issuing simple commands in a scripting language, like python. Internally, these commands make use of pre-programmed motion and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Rafael de la Guardia

Neural networks have achieved success in a wide array of perceptual tasks but often fail at tasks involving both perception and higher-level reasoning. On these more challenging tasks, bespoke approaches (such as modular symbolic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-27 David Ding , Felix Hill , Adam Santoro , Malcolm Reynolds , Matt Botvinick

Learning task models of bimanual manipulation from human demonstration and their execution on a robot should take temporal constraints between actions into account. This includes constraints on (i) the symbolic level such as precedence…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-27 Christian Dreher , Tamim Asfour

Humanoid robots are well suited for human habitats due to their morphological similarity, but developing controllers for them is a challenging task that involves multiple sub-problems, such as control, planning and perception. In this…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-11 K. Niranjan Kumar , Irfan Essa , Sehoon Ha

Algorithmic reasoning refers to the ability to understand the complex patterns behind the problem and decompose them into a sequence of reasoning steps towards the solution. Such nature of algorithmic reasoning makes it a challenge for…

Natural and formal languages provide an effective mechanism for humans to specify instructions and reward functions. We investigate how to generate policies via RL when reward functions are specified in a symbolic language captured by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Andrew C. Li , Zizhao Chen , Pashootan Vaezipoor , Toryn Q. Klassen , Rodrigo Toro Icarte , Sheila A. McIlraith

The current state-of-the-art in many natural language processing and automated knowledge base completion tasks is held by representation learning methods which learn distributed vector representations of symbols via gradient-based…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-12-29 Tim Rocktäschel

Humans effortlessly "program" one another by communicating goals and desires in natural language. In contrast, humans program robotic behaviours by indicating desired object locations and poses to be achieved, by providing RGB images of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-01 Hsiao-Yu Fish Tung , Adam W. Harley , Liang-Kang Huang , Katerina Fragkiadaki

Navigation guided by natural language instructions presents a challenging reasoning problem for instruction followers. Natural language instructions typically identify only a few high-level decisions and landmarks rather than complete…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Daniel Fried , Ronghang Hu , Volkan Cirik , Anna Rohrbach , Jacob Andreas , Louis-Philippe Morency , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick , Kate Saenko , Dan Klein , Trevor Darrell

Over the last decades, deep neural networks based-models became the dominant paradigm in machine learning. Further, the use of artificial neural networks in symbolic learning has been seen as increasingly relevant recently. To study the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 João Flach , Alvaro F. Moreira , Luis C. Lamb

A recommendation system assists users in finding items that are relevant to them. Existing recommendation models are primarily based on predicting relationships between users and items and use complex matching models or incorporate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Maonian Wu , Bang Chen , Shaojun Zhu , Bo Zheng , Wei Peng , Mingyi Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in complex reasoning tasks but struggle with consistent rule application, exception handling, and explainability, particularly in domains like legal analysis that require both natural language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Albert Sadowski , Jarosław A. Chudziak

In dynamic open-world environments, autonomous agents often encounter novelties that hinder their ability to find plans to achieve their goals. Specifically, traditional symbolic planners fail to generate plans when the robot's planning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Hong Lu , Pierrick Lorang , Timothy R. Duggan , Jivko Sinapov , Matthias Scheutz

Using natural language to give instructions to robots is challenging, since natural language understanding is still largely an open problem. In this paper we address this problem by restricting our attention to commands modeled as one…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-10 Pedro Henrique Martins , Luís Custódio , Rodrigo Ventura

Despite tremendous progress over the past decade, deep learning methods generally fall short of human-level systematic generalization. It has been argued that explicitly capturing the underlying structure of data should allow connectionist…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Andrea Dittadi