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Chemical space is routinely explored by machine learning methods to discover interesting molecules, before time-consuming experimental synthesizing is attempted. However, these methods often rely on a graph representation, ignoring 3D…

Due to their excellent drug-like and pharmacokinetic properties, small molecule drugs are widely used to treat various diseases, making them a critical component of drug discovery. In recent years, with the rapid development of deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Kun Li , Yida Xiong , Hongzhi Zhang , Xiantao Cai , Jia Wu , Bo Du , Wenbin Hu

Generating molecules, both in a directed and undirected fashion, is a huge part of the drug discovery pipeline. Genetic algorithms (GAs) generate molecules by randomly modifying known molecules. In this paper we show that GAs are very…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Austin Tripp , José Miguel Hernández-Lobato

Evaluating the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability of drug molecules is a critical step in brain drug development. Traditional methods for the evaluation require complicated in vitro or in vivo testing. Alternatively, in silico…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-04-07 Yan Ding , Xiaoqian Jiang , Yejin Kim

Deep generative models have achieved great success in areas such as image, speech, and natural language processing in the past few years. Thanks to the advances in graph-based deep learning, and in particular graph representation learning,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Faezeh Faez , Yassaman Ommi , Mahdieh Soleymani Baghshah , Hamid R. Rabiee

Sampling useful three-dimensional molecular structures along with their most favorable conformations is a key challenge in drug discovery. Current state-of-the-art 3D de-novo design flow matching or diffusion-based models are limited to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Riccardo Tedoldi , Ola Engkvist , Patrick Bryant , Hossein Azizpour , Jon Paul Janet , Alessandro Tibo

Recent advancements in graph representation learning have shifted attention towards dynamic graphs, which exhibit evolving topologies and features over time. The increased use of such graphs creates a paramount need for generative models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Ryien Hosseini , Filippo Simini , Venkatram Vishwanath , Henry Hoffmann

The work for predicting drug and target affinity(DTA) is crucial for drug development and repurposing. In this work, we propose a novel method called GDGRU-DTA to predict the binding affinity between drugs and targets, which is based on…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-04-27 Lyu Zhijian , Jiang Shaohua , Liang Yigao , Gao Min

Properties of molecules are indicative of their functions and thus are useful in many applications. With the advances of deep learning methods, computational approaches for predicting molecular properties are gaining increasing momentum.…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2021-07-07 Zhengyang Wang , Meng Liu , Youzhi Luo , Zhao Xu , Yaochen Xie , Limei Wang , Lei Cai , Qi Qi , Zhuoning Yuan , Tianbao Yang , Shuiwang Ji

Predicting accurate protein-ligand binding affinity is important in drug discovery but remains a challenge even with computationally expensive biophysics-based energy scoring methods and state-of-the-art deep learning approaches. Despite…

Deep generative models that learn from the distribution of natural protein sequences and structures may enable the design of new proteins with valuable functions. While the majority of today's models focus on generating either sequences or…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-10-03 Chentong Wang , Sarah Alamdari , Carles Domingo-Enrich , Ava Amini , Kevin K. Yang

Advanced generative model (e.g., diffusion model) derived from simplified continuity assumptions of data distribution, though showing promising progress, has been difficult to apply directly to geometry generation applications due to the…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-03-26 Yuxuan Song , Jingjing Gong , Yanru Qu , Hao Zhou , Mingyue Zheng , Jingjing Liu , Wei-Ying Ma

Designing a molecule with desired properties is one of the biggest challenges in drug development, as it requires optimization of chemical compound structures with respect to many complex properties. To augment the compound design process…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-23 Łukasz Maziarka , Agnieszka Pocha , Jan Kaczmarczyk , Krzysztof Rataj , Michał Warchoł

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved great success in many fields, and recent works have studied exploring LLMs for graph discriminative tasks such as node classification. However, the abilities of LLMs for graph generation remain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Yang Yao , Xin Wang , Zeyang Zhang , Yijian Qin , Ziwei Zhang , Xu Chu , Yuekui Yang , Wenwu Zhu , Hong Mei

Accurate prediction of protein-ligand binding structures, a task known as molecular docking is crucial for drug design but remains challenging. While deep learning has shown promise, existing methods often depend on holo-protein structures…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-02-22 Yufei Huang , Odin Zhang , Lirong Wu , Cheng Tan , Haitao Lin , Zhangyang Gao , Siyuan Li , Stan. Z. Li

Drug development is a critical but notoriously resource- and time-consuming process. In this manuscript, we develop a novel generative artificial intelligence (genAI) method DiffSMol to facilitate drug development. DiffSmol generates 3D…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Ziqi Chen , Bo Peng , Tianhua Zhai , Daniel Adu-Ampratwum , Xia Ning

Deep generative models show promise for $\textit{de novo}$ protein design, yet reliably producing designs that are geometrically plausible, evolutionarily consistent, functionally relevant, and dynamically stable remains challenging. We…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-15 Tianyuan Zheng , Alessandro Rondina , Gos Micklem , Pietro Liò

In this work, we introduce a method to fine-tune a Transformer-based generative model for molecular de novo design. Leveraging the superior sequence learning capacity of Transformers over Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), our model can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Pengcheng Xu , Tao Feng , Tianfan Fu , Siddhartha Laghuvarapu , Jimeng Sun

Recent advances and achievements of artificial intelligence (AI) as well as deep and graph learning models have established their usefulness in biomedical applications, especially in drug-drug interactions (DDIs). DDIs refer to a change in…

Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a key tool in drug development for predicting drug concentration dynamics across organs. Traditional PBPK approaches rely on ordinary differential equations with simplifying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Su Liu , Xin Hu , Shurong Wen , Chengyi Chen , Jiaqi Liu , Lanruo Wang , Jiexi Xu