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The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), a global very long baseline interferometry array operating at millimetre wavelengths, is spatially resolving the immediate environments of black holes for the first time. The current observations of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-16 Ayman Bin Kamruddin , Jason Dexter

We have now entered the new era of high-resolution imaging astronomy with the beginning of the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). The EHT can resolve the dynamics of matter in the immediate vicinity around black holes at and below the horizon…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-04-15 Paul Tiede , Hung-Yi Pu , Avery E. Broderick , Roman Gold , Mansour Karami , Jorge A. Preciado-López

Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) images of the supermassive black hole M87* depict an asymmetric ring of emission. General relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) models of M87* and its accretion disk predict that the amplitude and location…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-03 Vadim Bernshteyn , Nicholas S. Conroy , Michi Bauböck , Paul Tiede , Abhishek V. Joshi , Ben S. Prather , Charles F. Gammie , the Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration , : , Kazunori Akiyama , Ezequiel Albentosa-Ruíz , Antxon Alberdi , Walter Alef , Juan Carlos Algaba , Richard Anantua , Keiichi Asada , Rebecca Azulay , Anne-Kathrin Baczko , David Ball , Bidisha Bandyopadhyay , John Barrett , Bradford A. Benson , Dan Bintley , Lindy Blackburn , Raymond Blundell , Katherine L. Bouman , Geoffrey C. Bower , Michael Bremer , Roger Brissenden , Silke Britzen , Avery E. Broderick , Dominique Broguiere , Thomas Bronzwaer , Sandra Bustamante , Douglas F. Carlos , John E. Carlstrom , Andrew Chael , Chi-kwan Chan , Dominic O. Chang , Koushik Chatterjee , Ming-Tang Chen , Yongjun Chen , Xiaopeng Cheng , Paul Chichura , Ilje Cho , John E. Conway , Thomas M. Crawford , Geoffrey B. Crew , Alejandro Cruz-Osorio , Yuzhu Cui , Brandon Curd , Rohan Dahale , Jordy Davelaar , Mariafelicia De Laurentis , Roger Deane , Jason Dexter , Vedant Dhruv , Indu K. Dihingia , Sheperd S. Doeleman , Sergio A. Dzib , Razieh Emami , Heino Falcke , Joseph Farah , Vincent L. Fish , Edward Fomalont , H. Alyson Ford , Marianna Foschi , Raquel Fraga-Encinas , William T. Freeman , Per Friberg , Christian M. Fromm , Antonio Fuentes , Peter Galison , Roberto García , Olivier Gentaz , Boris Georgiev , Ciriaco Goddi , Roman Gold , Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz , José L. Gómez , Minfeng Gu , Mark Gurwell , Kazuhiro Hada , Daryl Haggard , Ronald Hesper , Dirk Heumann , Luis C. Ho , Paul Ho , Mareki Honma , Chih-Wei L. Huang , Lei Huang , David H. Hughes , Shiro Ikeda , C. M. Violette Impellizzeri , Makoto Inoue , Sara Issaoun , David J. James , Buell T. Jannuzi , Michael Janssen , Britton Jeter , Wu Jiang , Alejandra Jiménez-Rosales , Michael D. Johnson , Svetlana Jorstad , Adam C. Jones , Taehyun Jung , Tomohisa Kawashima , Garrett K. Keating , Mark Kettenis , Dong-Jin Kim , Jae-Young Kim , Jongsoo Kim , Junhan Kim , Motoki Kino , Jun Yi Koay , Prashant Kocherlakota , Yutaro Kofuji , Patrick M. Koch , Shoko Koyama , Carsten Kramer , Joana A. Kramer , Michael Kramer , Thomas P. Krichbaum , Cheng-Yu Kuo , Noemi La Bella , Deokhyeong Lee , Sang-Sung Lee , Aviad Levis , Shaoliang Li , Zhiyuan Li , Rocco Lico , Greg Lindahl , Michael Lindqvist , Mikhail Lisakov , Jun Liu , Kuo Liu , Elisabetta Liuzzo , Wen-Ping Lo , Andrei P. Lobanov , Laurent Loinard , Colin J. Lonsdale , Amy E. Lowitz , Ru-Sen Lu , Nicholas R. MacDonald , Jirong Mao , Nicola Marchili , Sera Markoff , Daniel P. Marrone , Alan P. Marscher , Iván Martí-Vidal , Satoki Matsushita , Lynn D. Matthews , Lia Medeiros , Karl M. Menten , Hugo Messias , Izumi Mizuno , Yosuke Mizuno , Joshua Montgomery , Kotaro Moriyama , Monika Moscibrodzka , Wanga Mulaudzi , Cornelia Müller , Hendrik Müller , Alejandro Mus , Gibwa Musoke , Ioannis Myserlis , Hiroshi Nagai , Neil M. Nagar , Dhanya G. Nair , Masanori Nakamura , Gopal Narayanan , Iniyan Natarajan , Antonios Nathanail , Santiago Navarro Fuentes , Joey Neilsen , Chunchong Ni , Michael A. Nowak , Hiroki Okino , Héctor Raúl Olivares Sánchez , Feryal Özel , Daniel C. M. Palumbo , Georgios Filippos Paraschos , Jongho Park , Harriet Parsons , Nimesh Patel , Ue-Li Pen , Dominic W. Pesce , Vincent Piétu , Alexander Plavin , Aleksandar PopStefanija , Oliver Porth , Giacomo Principe , Dimitrios Psaltis , Hung-Yi Pu , Alexandra Rahlin , Venkatessh Ramakrishnan , Ramprasad Rao , Mark G. Rawlings , Luciano Rezzolla , Angelo Ricarte , Luca Ricci , Bart Ripperda , Jan Röder , Freek Roelofs , Cristina Romero-Cañizales , Eduardo Ros , Arash Roshanineshat , Helge Rottmann , Alan L. Roy , Ignacio Ruiz , Chet Ruszczyk , Kazi L. J. Rygl , León D. S. Salas , Salvador Sánchez , David Sánchez-Argüelles , Miguel Sánchez-Portal , Mahito Sasada , Kaushik Satapathy , Saurabh , Tuomas Savolainen , Karl-Friedrich Schuster , Zhiqiang Shen , Sasikumar Silpa , Randall Smith , Bong Won Sohn , Jason SooHoo , Kamal Souccar , Joshua S. Stanway , He Sun , Alexandra J. Tetarenko , Remo P. J. Tilanus , Michael Titus , Kenji Toma , Pablo Torne , Teresa Toscano , Efthalia Traianou , Sascha Trippe , Matthew Turk , Ilse van Bemmel , Huib Jan van Langevelde , Daniel R. van Rossum , Sebastiano D. von Fellenberg , Jesse Vos , Jan Wagner , Derek Ward-Thompson , John Wardle , Jasmin E. Washington , Jonathan Weintroub , Maciek Wielgus , Kaj Wiik , Michael F. Wondrak , George N. Wong , Jompoj Wongphexhauxsorn , Qingwen Wu , Paul Yamaguchi , Aristomenis Yfantis , Doosoo Yoon , André Young , Ziri Younsi , Wei Yu , Feng Yuan , Ye-Fei Yuan , Ai-Ling Zeng , J. Anton Zensus , Shuo Zhang , Guang-Yao Zhao

Supermassive black holes in active galactic nuclei (AGN) are known to launch relativistic jets, which are observed across the entire electromagnetic spectrum and are thought to be efficient particle accelerators. Their primary radiation…

Sagittarius A* is a compact radio source at the Galactic center, powered by accretion of fully ionized plasmas into a supermassive black hole. However, the radio emission cannot be produced through the thermal synchrotron process by a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2009-04-02 Kyle W. Martin , Siming Liu , Chris Fragile , Cong Yu , Chris L. Fryer

An extensive exploration of the model parameter space of axisymmetric Early-Type Galaxies (ETGs) hosting a central supermassive Black Hole (SMBH) is conducted by means of high resolution hydrodynamical simulations performed with our code…

The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration (EHTC) has presented first - dynamic-range limited - images of the black hole shadows in M87 and Sgr A*. The next generation Event Horizon Telescope (ngEHT) will provide higher sensitivity and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-03-14 Bidisha Bandyopadhyay , Christian Fendt , Dominik R. G. Schleicher , Javier Lagunas , Javier Pedreros , Neil M. Nagar , Felipe Agurto

In this paper, we provide a first physical interpretation for the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT)'s 2017 observations of Sgr A*. Our main approach is to compare resolved EHT data at 230 GHz and unresolved non-EHT observations from radio to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-11-17 The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has imaged two supermassive black holes, Messier 87* (M87*) and Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), using very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI). The theoretical analyses of each source suggest magnetically arrested…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-07-16 Kaitlyn M. Shavelle , Daniel C. M. Palumbo

We present estimates for the number of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) for which the next-generation Event Horizon Telescope (ngEHT) can identify the black hole ``shadow,'' along with estimates for how many black hole masses and spins the…

The first images of the black holes in Sagittarius A* and M87* have created a wide range of new scientific opportunities in gravitational physics, compact objects, and relativistic astrophysics. We discuss here the scientific opportunities…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-07 The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration

Context: Magnetic fields play a pivotal role in dynamics of black hole accretion flows and formation of relativistic jets. Observations by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) provided unprecedented insights into accretion structures near…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-04 Saurabh , Maciek Wielgus , Arman Tursunov , Andrei P. Lobanov , Razieh Emami

The next-generation Event Horizon Telescope (ngEHT) will provide us with the best opportunity to investigate supermassive black holes (SMBHs) at the highest possible resolution and sensitivity. With respect to the existing Event Horizon…

A key challenge in imaging supermassive black holes is disentangling gravitational effects from plasma physics in order to accurately determine spacetime properties, particularly black hole spin. In this Letter, we present a fully covariant…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-11 Yehui Hou , Jiewei Huang , Minyong Guo , Yosuke Mizuno , Bin Chen

We study synchrotron polarization in spatially resolved horizon-scale images, such as those produced by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). In both general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) simulations as well as simplified models of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-29 George N. Wong , Andrew Chael , Alexandru Lupsasca , Eliot Quataert

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), now with its first ever image of the photon ring around the supermassive black hole of M87, provides a unique opportunity to probe the physics of supermassive black holes through Very Long Baseline…

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) provides a unique opportunity to probe the physics of supermassive black holes through Very Large Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), such as the existence of the event horizon, the accretion processes as well…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-12-12 Bidisha Bandyopadhyay , Dominik R. G. Schleicher , Neil Nagar , Fu-Guo Xie , Venkatessh Ramakrishnan

Using the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), the gravitationally lensed rings around the supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in Messier 87 (M87) and Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) have now been successfully imaged at a resolution under 10 gravitational…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-12-31 Dhanya G. Nair , Neil M. Nagar , Venkatessh Ramakrishnan , Maciek Wielgus , Vicente Arratia , Thomas P. Krichbaum , Xinyue A. Zhang , Angelo Ricarte , Silpa S. , Joaquín Hernández-Yévenes , Nicole M. Ford , Bidisha Bandyopadhyay , Mark Gurwell , Roman Burridge , Dominic W. Pesce , Sheperd S. Doeleman , Jae-Young Kim , Daewon Kim , Michael Janssen , Sebastiano D. von Fellenberg , Christian M. Fromm , Deokhyeong Lee , Heino Falcke , Jan Wagner , Geoffrey C. Bower , Anne-Kathrin Baczko , Dong-Jin Kim , Kazunori Akiyama , Keiichi Asada , Patricia Arevalo , Hayley Bignall , Lindy Blackburn , Avery E. Broderick , Andreas Brunthaler , Chi-kwan Chan , Akihiro Doi , Vincent L. Fish , Edward Fomalont , José L. Gómez , Daryl Haggard , Kazuhiro Hada , Rodrigo Herrera-Camus , Daniel Hoak , David Hughes , Julie Hlavacek-Larrondo , Svetlana Jorstad , Michael D. Johnson , Tomohisa Kawashima , Garrett K. Keating , Preeti Kharb , Jun Yi Koay , Shoko Koyama , Cheng-Yu Kuo , Nathan W. C. Leigh , Paulina Lira , Michael Lindqvist , Andrei P. Lobanov , Wen-Ping Lo , Ru-Sen Lu , Sera Markoff , Nicholas R. MacDonald , Mary Loli Martínez-Aldama , Lynn D. Matthews , Satoki Matsushita , Mar Mezcua , Monika Moscibrodzka , Hendrik Müller , Hiroshi Nagai , Masanori Nakamura , Priyamvada Natarajan , Gopal Narayanan , Michael A. Nowak , Héctor Raúl Olivares Sánchez , Jongho Park , Dimitrios Psaltis , Hung-Yi Pu , Oliver Porth , Ramprasad Rao , Cormac Reynolds , Rodrigo Reeves , Cristina Romero-Cañizales , Eduardo Ros , Helge Rottmann , Alan L. Roy , Dominik Schleicher , Tuomas Savolainen , C. M. Violette Impellizzeri , Ezequiel Treister , Kaj Wiik , J. Anton Zensus

Ongoing millimeter VLBI observations with the Event Horizon Telescope allow unprecedented study of the innermost portion of black hole accretion flows. Interpreting the observations requires relativistic, time-dependent physical modeling.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-04 Jason Dexter , Eric Agol , P. Chris Fragile , Jonathan C. McKinney

The emission region and black hole shadow of Sagittarius A*, the supermassive black hole at the Galactic Center, can be probed with millimeter Very Long Baseline Interferometry. Our goal is to probe the geometry of the emitting plasma…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-03-23 R. Fraga-Encinas , M. Moscibrodzka , C. Brinkerink , H. Falcke