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Cutting mechanics in soft solids have been a subject of study for several decades, an interest fuelled by the multitude of its applications, including material testing, manufacturing, and biomedical technology. Wire cutting is the simplest…
Compressible flow varies from ideal-gas behavior at high pressures where molecular interactions become important. Density is described through a cubic equation of state while enthalpy and sound speed are functions of both temperature and…
After the discovery of the Higgs boson at the LHC, particle physics community is exploring and proposing next accelerators, to address the remaining open questions on the underlying mechanisms and constituents of the present universe. One…
Propagation of ultrarelativistically intense laser pulse in a self-trapping mode in a near critical density plasma makes it possible to produce electron bunches of extreme parameters appropriate for different state of art applications.…
Thermoelectricity is traditionally explained via Onsager's irreversible, flux-force framework. The coupled flows of heat and electric charge are modelled as steady-state flows, driven by the thermodynamic forces defined in terms of the…
The development of cryogenic semiconductor electronics and superconducting quantum computing requires composite materials that can provide both thermal conduction and thermal insulation. We demonstrated that at cryogenic temperatures, the…
This paper introduces an approach to endow generative diffusion processes the ability to satisfy and certify compliance with constraints and physical principles. The proposed method recast the traditional sampling process of generative…
Coupling between heat and electrical currents is at the heart of thermoelectric processes. From a thermal viewpoint this may be seen as an additional thermal flux linked to the appearance of electrical current in a given thermoelectric…
In this paper we show how a deep-submicron FPGA can be modified to operate at extremely low temperatures through modifications in the supporting hardware and in the firmware programming it. Though FPGAs are not designed to operate at a few…
This paper presents a new approach for guaranteed safety subject to input constraints (e.g., actuator limits) using a composition of multiple control barrier functions (CBFs). First, we present a method for constructing a single CBF from…
Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Sources are currently the most efficient ion sources among those used in facilities dedicated to nuclear physics. The need for a more flexible magnetic field and RF injection system suggested to design and…
Modern scientific simulations and instruments generate data volumes that overwhelm memory and storage, throttling scalability. Lossy compression mitigates this by trading controlled error for reduced footprint and throughput gains, yet…
Theoretical treatments of frictional granular matter often assume that it is legitimate to invoke classical elastic theory to describe its coarse-grained mechanical properties. Here we show, based on experiments and numerical simulations,…
A major concern in modern power systems is that the popularity and fluctuating characteristics of renewable energy may cause more and more transmission congestion events. Traditional congestion management modeling involves AC or DC power…
High-order harmonic generation (HHG) in gases leads to short-pulse extreme ultraviolet (XUV) radiation useful in a number of applications, for example, attosecond science and nanoscale imaging. However, this process depends on many…
The Ferromagnetic Inductively Coupled Plasma (FICP) source, which is a version of the common inductively coupled plasma sources, has a number of well known advantages such as high efficiency, high level of ionization, low minimal gas…
We have developed PGPG (Pipeline Generator for Programmable GRAPE), a software which generates the low-level design of the pipeline processor and communication software for FPGA-based computing engines (FBCEs). An FBCE typically consists of…
A useful approach to "compress" a large network $G$ is to represent it with a {\em flow-sparsifier}, i.e., a small network $H$ that supports the same flows as $G$, up to a factor $q \geq 1$ called the quality of sparsifier. Specifically, we…
A comprehensive study, supported by systematic measurements and numerical computations, of the intrinsic limits of multi-GEM detectors when exposed to very high particle fluxes or operated at very large gains is presented. The observed…
Counterfactual generation aims to simulate realistic hypothetical outcomes under causal interventions. Diffusion models have emerged as a powerful tool for this task, combining DDIM inversion with conditional generation and classifier-free…