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The presence of offensive language on social media is very common motivating platforms to invest in strategies to make communities safer. This includes developing robust machine learning systems capable of recognizing offensive content…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Marcos Zampieri , Tharindu Ranasinghe , Mrinal Chaudhari , Saurabh Gaikwad , Prajwal Krishna , Mayuresh Nene , Shrunali Paygude

The spread of online hate has become a significant problem for newspapers that host comment sections. As a result, there is growing interest in using machine learning and natural language processing for (semi-) automated abusive language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-11 Lennart Justen , Kilian Müller , Marco Niemann , Jörg Becker

Hate speech is plaguing the cyberspace along with user-generated content. This paper investigates the role of conversational context in the annotation and detection of online hate and counter speech, where context is defined as the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Xinchen Yu , Eduardo Blanco , Lingzi Hong

Content moderation on a global scale must navigate a complex array of local cultural distinctions, which can hinder effective enforcement. While global policies aim for consistency and broad applicability, they often miss the subtleties of…

We use structural topic modeling to examine racial bias in data collected to train models to detect hate speech and abusive language in social media posts. We augment the abusive language dataset by adding an additional feature indicating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-28 Thomas Davidson , Debasmita Bhattacharya

The datasets most widely used for abusive language detection contain lists of messages, usually tweets, that have been manually judged as abusive or not by one or more annotators, with the annotation performed at message level. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Stefano Menini , Alessio Palmero Aprosio , Sara Tonelli

Robustness of machine learning models on ever-changing real-world data is critical, especially for applications affecting human well-being such as content moderation. New kinds of abusive language continually emerge in online discussions in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Isar Nejadgholi , Kathleen C. Fraser , Svetlana Kiritchenko

Warning: This paper contains content that may be offensive or upsetting. Understanding the harms and offensiveness of statements requires reasoning about the social and situational context in which statements are made. For example, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Xuhui Zhou , Hao Zhu , Akhila Yerukola , Thomas Davidson , Jena D. Hwang , Swabha Swayamdipta , Maarten Sap

The internet has become a central medium through which `networked publics' express their opinions and engage in debate. Offensive comments and personal attacks can inhibit participation in these spaces. Automated content moderation aims to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2017-09-06 Reuben Binns , Michael Veale , Max Van Kleek , Nigel Shadbolt

In recent years, online social networks have allowed worldwide users to meet and discuss. As guarantors of these communities, the administrators of these platforms must prevent users from adopting inappropriate behaviors. This verification…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-06-17 Noé Cecillon , Vincent Labatut , Richard Dufour , Georges Linarès

As public discourse continues to move and grow online, conversations about divisive topics on social media platforms have also increased. These divisive topics prompt both contentious and non-contentious conversations. Although what…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-07 Jacob Beel , Tong Xiang , Sandeep Soni , Diyi Yang

Since the Internet is flooded with hate, it is one of the main tasks for NLP experts to master automated online content moderation. However, advancements in this field require improved access to publicly available accurate and non-synthetic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Anna Kołos , Inez Okulska , Kinga Głąbińska , Agnieszka Karlińska , Emilia Wiśnios , Paweł Ellerik , Andrzej Prałat

Condescending language use is caustic; it can bring dialogues to an end and bifurcate communities. Thus, systems for condescension detection could have a large positive impact. A challenge here is that condescension is often impossible to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-26 Zijian Wang , Christopher Potts

Large language models are increasingly deployed as research agents for deep search and long-horizon information seeking, yet their performance often degrades as interaction histories grow. This degradation, known as context rot, reflects a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Yilun Yao , Shan Huang , Elsie Dai , Zhewen Tan , Zhenyu Duan , Shousheng Jia , Yanbing Jiang , Tong Yang

Multimodal information-gathering settings, where users collaborate with AI in dynamic environments, are increasingly common. These involve complex processes with textual and multimodal interactions, often requiring additional structural…

In the era of digitalization, as individuals increasingly rely on digital platforms for communication and news consumption, various actors employ linguistic strategies to influence public perception. While models have become proficient at…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Sina Abdidizaji , Md Kowsher , Niloofar Yousefi , Ivan Garibay

The prevalence of multi-modal content on social media complicates automated moderation strategies. This calls for an enhancement in multi-modal classification and a deeper understanding of understated meanings in images and memes. Although…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Rongxin Ouyang , Kokil Jaidka , Subhayan Mukerjee , Guangyu Cui

Effective content moderation systems require explicit classification criteria, yet online communities like subreddits often operate with diverse, implicit standards. This work introduces a novel approach to identify and extract these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Youngwoo Kim , Himanshu Beniwal , Steven L. Johnson , Thomas Hartvigsen

This paper tries to address the problem of abusive comment detection in low-resource indic languages. Abusive comments are statements that are offensive to a person or a group of people. These comments are targeted toward individuals…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Shantanu Patankar , Omkar Gokhale , Onkar Litake , Aditya Mandke , Dipali Kadam

Reducing hateful and offensive content in online social media pose a dual problem for the moderators. On the one hand, rigid censorship on social media cannot be imposed. On the other, the free flow of such content cannot be allowed. Hence,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-09-30 Punyajoy Saha , Binny Mathew , Pawan Goyal , Animesh Mukherjee